Total Analysis of the Major Secoiridoids in Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Validation of an UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Method

Abstract

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), one of the key foods of the Mediterranean diet, is distinguished by its high content of nutritional and antioxidant compounds compared to other vegetable oils. During EVOO production, the major secoiridoids of EVOO, oleacein, oleocanthal, ligstroside, and oleuropein aglycones, undergo a series of transformations to open- and closed-structure forms. The resulting mixture of compounds can become more complex during the analytical procedure, due to the keto-enol tautomerism of the open forms and their interaction with polar solvents, and therefore more challenging to analyze. Employing the same extraction method used to analyze the other EVOO phenolic compounds, we report here a simple UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS procedure for the quantification of those secoiridoids that is able to co-elute the different isomers of each compound. The method was validated following AOAC guidelines, and the matrix effect and recoveries were within satisfactory limits.

Optimizing the Malaxation Conditions to Produce an Arbequina EVOO with High Content of Bioactive Compounds

“…The identification and quantification of individual phenolic compounds were carried out by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in tandem mode (LC-MS/MS) following the methodology described in López-Yerena et al [ 18 ] and Lozano-Castellón et al [ 19 ] with few modifications. An Acquity TM UPLC (Waters; Milford, MA, USA) coupled to an API 3000 triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (PE Sciex, Concord, ON, Canada) with a turbo ion spray source was used.…”

“…The column and precolumn were an Acquity UPLC ® BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, i.d., 1.7 µm particle size) and Acquity UPLC ® BEH C18 Pre-Column (2.1 × 5 mm, i.d., 1.7 µm particle size) (Waters Corporation ® , Wexford, Ireland), respectively. Two methods were used: method (a) for the identification of oleacein, oleocanthal, and ligstroside and oleuropein aglycone [ 19 ], and (b) for the identification of other phenolic compounds [ 18 ].…”

Tissue Distribution of Oleocanthal and Its Metabolites after Oral Ingestion in Rats

“…Before the distribution experiment, the ROO (vehicle) was analyzed by LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS to make sure it was free of phenolic compounds. The liquid–liquid extraction of phenolic compounds of ROO was performed following the previously described procedures [ 33 ]. The chromatographic and mass spectrometer conditions were the same as those used for the identification of metabolites ( Section 2.3 ).…”

Leaves of Olea europaea L. as a source of oleuropein: characteristics and biological aspects

“…Oleuropein has several pharmacological properties with scientific proof, among which we can mention: antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiviral activities, in addition to anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory potential. The vasodilation, antiplatelet, hypotensive, antirheumatic, diuretic, antipyretic (Mao et al, 2019) and protective effects on male reproductive (Lozano-Castellón et al, 2021;Rostamzadeh et al, 2020) are related to oleuropein Ethnopharmacological studies demonstrated that oleuropein have therapeutic potential for gastric ulcers (Koc et al, 2020).…”