Totenmasken

Spier, Leslie; Langer, Richard

doi:10.2307/40043906

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Observations by early travelers and ethnographers in the American Southwest and Northern Mexico in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (Buckelew, 1911;Bean and Saubel, 1972;Castetter, 1935;Reagan, 1930;Russell, 1908;Spier, 1928) reveal that collecting, pit baking, and processing agave and sotol is a group activity, involving men, women, and children, and on average between three and nine people. That said, the calories provided by either an oven-load of agave or sotol would not meet the daily requirements of even a small group of three people for a single day, and depending on the age and gender composition of the group, less than a half-day caloric requirements would have been met.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised Energy Conversion Factor for Inulin-Type Fructans and Implications for Resource Ranking in Optimal Foraging Theory

Leach

2009

North American Archaeologist

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Current conversion factors for calculating the contribution of carbohydrates to food energy are reviewed in light of recent advances in food science. The undigested carbohydrate inulin, which is present in many economically important plants, resists digestion by alimentary enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal system of humans, and reaches the colon chemically intact where it undergoes partial or complete fermentation by endogenous bacterial flora. Current internationally accepted conversion factors for estimating energy (calories) specify that all carbohydrates provide 4 kcal per gram. However, inulin-type fructans fulfill all necessary criteria as a dietary fiber and during fermentation produce short-chain fatty acids that are utilized by the host for energy and should be assigned the energy conversion factor of 1.5 kcal per gram. The significance of assigning 1.5 kcal per gram vs. 4 kcal per gram to this carbohydrate when ranking resources in optimal foraging theory is illustrated in the caloric return rate of two commonly pit-baked desert plants from semi-arid North America.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised Energy Conversion Factor for Inulin-Type Fructans and Implications for Resource Ranking in Optimal Foraging Theory

Leach

2009

North American Archaeologist

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“…62 The Upper Rio Grande is represented by Pojoaque Polychrome and perhaps some other Tewa Polychrome derivatives. The Jemez region is represented by a sherd of what may be Jemez Black-on-white, 63 found on the surface at Site No. 17.…”

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confidence: 99%

Navaho Archaeology of Upper Blanco and Largo Canyons, Northern New Mexico

Farmer

1942

Am. antiq.

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Upper Blanco and Largo Canyons in Rio Arriba and Sandoval Counties, northern New Mexico (Fig. 5), are in an area known to modern Navaho Indians as dinetah, “Navaho country,” “Navaho homeland place,” and is recognized by them as the homeland of their ancestors. A number of Spanish records also refer to it as Navaho country. Anthropologists have, therefore, turned to the region as a source for data on the early Navahos. Surveys and some excavations of sites have been made.

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Totenmasken

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Revised Energy Conversion Factor for Inulin-Type Fructans and Implications for Resource Ranking in Optimal Foraging Theory

Revised Energy Conversion Factor for Inulin-Type Fructans and Implications for Resource Ranking in Optimal Foraging Theory

Navaho Archaeology of Upper Blanco and Largo Canyons, Northern New Mexico

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