Tough and highly stretchable graphene oxide/polyacrylamide nanocomposite hydrogels

Liu, Ruiqiong; Liang, Songmiao; Tang, Xincun; Yan, Dong; Li, Xiaofeng; Yu, Zhong‐Zhen

doi:10.1039/c2jm32541a

Cited by 444 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…, whereas the eOH group of the polyampholyte hydrogel could be overlapped due to a rather broad band in this region (Liu et al, 2012). Meanwhile, the Raman spectra furthermore confirm the existence of GO in the polyampholyte hydrogel (Fig.…”

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confidence: 53%

A highly efficient polyampholyte hydrogel sorbent based fixed-bed process for heavy metal removal in actual industrial effluent

et al. 2016

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a b s t r a c tHigh sorption capacity, high sorption rate, and fast separation and regeneration for qualified sorbents used in removing heavy metals from wastewater are urgently needed. In this study, a polyampholyte hydrogel was well designed and prepared via a simple radical polymerization procedure. Due to the remarkable mechanical strength, the three-dimensional polyampholyte hydrogel could be fast separated, easily regenerated and highly reused. The sorption capacities were as high as 216.1 mg/g for Pb(II) and 153.8 mg/g for Cd(II) owing to the existence of the large number of active groups. The adsorption could be conducted in a wide pH range of 3e6 and the equilibrium fast reached in 30 min due to its excellent water penetration for highly accessible to metal ions. The fixed-bed column sorption results indicated that the polyampholyte hydrogel was particularly effective in removing Pb(II) and Cd(II) from actual industrial effluent to meet the regulatory requirements. The treatment volumes of actual smelting effluent using one fixed bed column were as high as 684 bed volumes (BV) (7736 mL) for Pb(II) and 200 BV (2262 mL) for Cd(II). Furthermore, the treatment volumes of actual smelting effluent using tandem three columns reached 924 BV (31,351 mL) for Pb(II) and 250 BV (8483 mL) for Cd(II), producing only 4 BV (136 mL) eluent. Compared with the traditional high density slurry (HDS) process with large amount of sludge, the proposed process would be expected to produce only a small amount of sludge. When the treatment volume was controlled below 209.3 BV (7103 mL), all metal ions in the actual industrial effluent could be effectively removed (<0.01 mg/L). This wok develops a highly practical process based on polyampholyte hydrogel sorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from practical wastewater.

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confidence: 53%

A highly efficient polyampholyte hydrogel sorbent based fixed-bed process for heavy metal removal in actual industrial effluent

et al. 2016

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“…Many investigations devoted to the GO/polymer hybrid gels have been reported. 25,[33][34][35] As a chemical additive, GO can tailor the gelation behavior of other gelators to generate GOcontaining hybrid gels. In addition, GO sheets oen endow the hybrid supramolecular gel with some particular features from better thermal stability to strengthened mechanical strength.…”

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confidence: 99%

A novel self-assembled hybrid organogel of polypeptide-based block copolymers with inclusion of polypeptide-functionalized graphene

Lei

Shi

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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Self-assembled hybrid organogels of polypeptides containing block copolymers with the inclusion of polypeptide-functionalized graphene were designed and elaborately prepared, and showed interesting microstructures as well as enhanced mechanical performances. Firstly, a series of peptide-based triblock copolymers (triBCPs),, with different lengths of PBLG helices, were synthesized and characterized. As the length of the PBLG helices increased, the critical gelation concentration of the BDB triBCPs decreased while the gel-sol transition temperature increased. Moreover, the PBLG covalently modified graphene oxide (GO) sheets were successfully incorporated into the BDB organogels in toluene and hybrid organogels were prepared. In the presence of GO sheets, the minimum gelation concentration of the hybrid organogel was slightly lowered, and the hybrid organogels preserved thermoreversibility. In the hybrid gels, the triBCPs still self-assembled into nanoribbon structures and the functionalized GO sheets were well dispersed in the gel medium, which was obviously observed by transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the inclusion of the functionalized graphene greatly enhanced the mechanical performance of the hybrid gels, which was demonstrated by the significant increase of the moduli and the fracture stress of the hybrid gels compared with the corresponding native gels in the rheology experiments.

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“…The new materials have been designed with a variety of toughening mechanisms that increase the energy dissipation during crack propagation. 55 Examples of these tough hydrogels include slip-link gels, 12 nanocomposite gels, 13 double-network gels 14 and ionic-covalent entanglement gels. [15][16] Toughened hydrogels have fracture energies in the range of 1000 J/m 2 compared with values less 10 J/m 2 for conventional hydrogels.…”

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confidence: 99%

Extrusion printing of ionic–covalent entanglement hydrogels with high toughness

et al. 2013

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing of hydrogels has recently been investigated for use in tissue engineering applications. One major limitation in the use of synthetic hydrogels is their poor mechanical robustness but the development of 'tough hydrogels' in conjunction with additive fabrication techniques will accelerate the advancement of many technologies including soft robotics, bionic implants, sensors and controlled release systems. This article demonstrates that ionic-covalent entanglement (ICE) gels can be fabricated through a modified extrusion printing process that facilitates in situ photopolymerisation. The rheological properties of alginate-acrylamide hydrogel precursor solutions were characterised to develop formulations suitable for extrusion printing. A range of these printed hydrogels were prepared and their mechanical performance and swelling behaviour evaluated. ICE gels exhibit a remarkable mechanical performance because ionic cross links in the biopolymer network act as sacrificial bonds that dissipate energy under stress. The printed ICE gels have a work of extension 260 3 kj m3. Swelling the hydrogels in water has a detrimental effect upon their mechanical properties, however swelling the hydrogels in a calcium chloride solution as a post-processing technique reduces the effects of swelling the hydrogels in water. The integration of the modified extrusion printing process with existing plastic 3D printing technologies will allow for the fabrication of functional devices.Keywords printing, hydrogels, entanglement, extrusion, covalent, toughness, ionic, high Disciplines Engineering | Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication DetailsBakarich, S., in het Panhuis, M., Beirne, S. T., Wallace, G. G. and Spinks, G. Maxwell. (2013) Three-dimensional (3D) printing of hydrogels has recently been investigated for use in tissue engineering applications. One major limitation in the use of synthetic hydrogels is their poor mechanical robustness but the development of 'tough hydrogels' in conjunction with additive fabrication techniques will accelerate the advancement of many technologies including soft robotics, bionic implants, sensors and 10 controlled release systems. This article demonstrates that ionic-covalent entanglement (ICE) gels can be fabricated through a modified extrusion printing process that facilitates in situ photopolymerisation. The rheological properties of alginate/acrylamide hydrogel precursor solutions were characterised to develop formulations suitable for extrusion printing. A range of these printed hydrogels were prepared and their mechanical performance and swelling behaviour evaluated. ICE gels exhibit a remarkable mechanical 15 performance because ionic cross links in the biopolymer network act as sacrificial bonds that dissipate energy under stress. The printed ICE gels have a work of extension 260 ± 3 kJ/m 3 . Swelling the hydrogels in water has a detrimental effect upon their mechanical properties, however swelling the hydrogels in a calcium chloride solution as a ...

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Tough and highly stretchable graphene oxide/polyacrylamide nanocomposite hydrogels

Cited by 444 publications

References 45 publications

A highly efficient polyampholyte hydrogel sorbent based fixed-bed process for heavy metal removal in actual industrial effluent

A highly efficient polyampholyte hydrogel sorbent based fixed-bed process for heavy metal removal in actual industrial effluent

A novel self-assembled hybrid organogel of polypeptide-based block copolymers with inclusion of polypeptide-functionalized graphene

Extrusion printing of ionic–covalent entanglement hydrogels with high toughness

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