“…Tourism flow is the link between the origin and destination and is at the core of tourism research. Scholars from different fields, such as tourism, geography, and sociology, have conducted numerous discussions on it, and the relevant studies have mainly focused on the flow prediction of tourism flow [21][22][23], spatial distribution [24,25], influencing factors [26,27], network structure [28,29], tourism destination management [30], and tourist behavioral perceptions [31]. Research scales focus on large spatial scales such as international, regional, provincial, and intra-city levels [32][33][34][35][36][37], and research methods such as GIS analysis and social network analysis are widely used in tourism flow research [38,39].…”