Toward a multi-target multi-channel hyperthermia treatment system: Proof of concept with numerical simulations

Nizam-Uddin, N.; Abdulkawi, Wazie M.; Elshafiey, Ibrahim; Sheta, Abdel Fattah

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119257

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As demonstrated in paper [ 34 ], the FOCO approach gives slightly better results compared to the clinical benchmark using particle swarm-based optimization (PSO), especially for larger volumes of treated regions. A similar study [ 18 ] proposes a multi-frequency-based phased array with 8 monopole antennas for targeted hyperthermia treatment of deep-seated and multi-locus carcinomas in the head and neck. The conclusion was that multi-frequency excitation improves SAR accumulation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phased arrays often utilize optimization procedures in line with the specific absorption rate (SAR) parameter, whereby the amplitude, phase, or frequency of the excitation signal produced by monopole antennas [ 18 ], dipole antennas [ 19 , 20 ], patch antennas [ 21 ], or more complex applicators [ 22 ] can be adjusted. They operate in broadband (treatment of surface tumors) [ 16 ] or narrowband regimes (treatment of deep-seated tumors) [ 23 ] at one or more frequencies [ 18 ]. An example of the medical usage of phased array antennas would be the BSD-2000 hyperthermia system including Sigma-Eye applicators produced by the BSD Medical Corporation [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Silico Study on Tumor-Size-Dependent Thermal Profiles inside an Anthropomorphic Female Breast Phantom Subjected to Multi-Dipole Antenna Array

Gas

Miaskowski

Subramanian

2020

IJMS

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Electromagnetic hyperthermia as a potent adjuvant for conventional cancer therapies can be considered valuable in modern oncology, as its task is to thermally destroy cancer cells exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Hyperthermia treatment planning based on computer in silico simulations has the potential to improve the localized heating of breast tissues through the use of the phased-array dipole applicators. Herein, we intended to improve our understanding of temperature estimation in an anatomically accurate female breast phantom embedded with a tumor, particularly when it is exposed to an eight-element dipole antenna matrix surrounding the breast tissues. The Maxwell equations coupled with the modified Pennes’ bioheat equation was solved in the modelled breast tissues using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) engine. The microwave (MW) applicators around the object were modelled with shortened half-wavelength dipole antennas operating at the same 1 GHz frequency, but with different input power and phases for the dipole sources. The total input power of an eight-dipole antenna matrix was set at 8 W so that the temperature in the breast tumor did not exceed 42 °C. Finding the optimal setting for each dipole antenna from the matrix was our primary objective. Such a procedure should form the basis of any successful hyperthermia treatment planning. We applied the algorithm of multi for multi-objective optimization for the power and phases for the dipole sources in terms of maximizing the specific absorption rate (SAR) parameter inside the breast tumor while minimizing this parameter in the healthy tissues. Electro-thermal simulations were performed for tumors of different radii to confirm the reliable operation of the given optimization procedure. In the next step, thermal profiles for tumors of various sizes were calculated for the optimal parameters of dipole sources. The computed results showed that larger tumors heated better than smaller tumors; however, the procedure worked well regardless of the tumor size. This verifies the effectiveness of the applied optimization method, regardless of the various stages of breast tumor development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Study on Tumor-Size-Dependent Thermal Profiles inside an Anthropomorphic Female Breast Phantom Subjected to Multi-Dipole Antenna Array

Gas

Miaskowski

Subramanian

2020

IJMS

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“…Here E is the E-field vector in (V/m), σ and ρ are the effective conductivity and density of the tissue layers given in (S/m) and (kg/m 3 ), respectively [31][32][33]. A three-layered phantom model was developed in CST to assess SAR, consisting of a 50 mm-thick muscle layer, a 2 mm-thick fat layer, and a 1 mm-thick skin layer.…”

Section: Sar Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Study of Triband Low SAR Wearable Antenna

et al. 2023

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The proposed paper presents a flexible antenna that is capable of operating in several frequency bands, namely 2.45 GHz, 5.8 GHz, and 8 GHz. The first two frequency bands are frequently utilized in industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) as well as wireless local area network (WLAN) applications, whereas the third frequency band is associated with X-band applications. The antenna, with dimensions of 52 mm × 40 mm (0.79 λ × 0.61 λ), was designed using a 1.8 mm thick flexible kapton polyimide substrate with a permittivity of 3.5. Using CST Studio Suite, full-wave electromagnetic simulations were conducted, and the proposed design achieved a reflection coefficient below −10 dB for the intended frequency bands. Additionally, the proposed antenna achieves an efficiency value of up to 83% and appropriate values of gain in the desired frequency bands. In order to quantify the specific absorption rate (SAR), simulations were conducted by mounting the proposed antenna on a three-layered phantom. The SAR1g values recorded for the frequency bands of 2.45 GHz, 5.8 GHz, and 8 GHz were 0.34, 1.45, and 1.57 W/Kg respectively. These SAR values were observed to be significantly lower than the 1.6 W/Kg threshold set by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC). Moreover, the performance of the antenna was evaluated by simulating various deformation tests.

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