Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue XIII 2019
DOI: 10.1117/12.2508911
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Toward handheld real time frequency domain diffuse optical spectroscopy

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Cited by 5 publications
(8 citation statements)
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References 21 publications
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“…Our platform includes two key innovations to achieve this performance. The FPGA-based Goertzel implementation enabled amplitude and phase information to be extracted from the raw ADC time domain signal at just 1/2 of the actual sampling speed (first demonstrated in (37, 38)). This strategy allows for a dramatic reduction in data storage (37,000x for 65,536 samples) and is a fundamental requirement to streaming data in real-time due to the large size of raw sampled ADC data.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our platform includes two key innovations to achieve this performance. The FPGA-based Goertzel implementation enabled amplitude and phase information to be extracted from the raw ADC time domain signal at just 1/2 of the actual sampling speed (first demonstrated in (37, 38)). This strategy allows for a dramatic reduction in data storage (37,000x for 65,536 samples) and is a fundamental requirement to streaming data in real-time due to the large size of raw sampled ADC data.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We restricted the interrogation geometry to reflection-based imaging so as to be applicable to a wide range of noninvasive tissue imaging applications and compact instrument configurations. This work is further motivated by and supports our efforts to create an ultraportable and fast handheld breast imager with few source-detector separations that can be scanned across the tissue to generate high density measurements [26]. As a result, we present a new hyperspectral hybrid FD-and CW-DOI methodology, implemented with a simple probe configuration, that enables broadband 3D optical property recovery without a priori spectral constrains [1].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…In the same year, Kitsmiller and O’Sullivan [ 53 ] replaced the APD with SiPM in a FD-NIRS system, leading to a 5-30 dB increase in SNR. The SiPM was then implemented to realize a lightweight, handheld, real-time FD-NIRS system in the same year [ 54 ]. A SOC platform was utilized to control and process the signals of the system, including the DDS (AD9912, Analog Devices, US) used for signal modulation.…”
Section: State-of-the-art Fd-nirs Technologiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In many existing FD-NIRS systems [ 19 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 39 41 , 44 48 , 51 , 52 , 54 , 56 58 , 60 62 , 65 ], Edge-Emitting Lasers (EELs) have been widely applied as light sources. In an EEL, light is emitted from the edge of the substrate, and an EEL offers relatively high power density and wall-plug efficiency, and good beam uniformity [ 78 ].…”
Section: Light Sources and Detectors And Phase Measurement Schemesmentioning
confidence: 99%