Towards an Ecosystem Approach to Management in Regional Marine Governance? The Baltic Sea Context

Haßler, Björn; Boström, Magnus; Grönholm, Sam

doi:10.1080/1523908x.2013.766420

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Greater awareness of delays through monitoring is necessary to improve knowledge of the problem, but as they emphasize there is a need to increase capacity to deal with persistent uncertainties through participatory processes. Hassler et al (2013) points out that environmental monitoring of the state of the Baltic Sea is well developed and is at a high level, thanks to long-term efforts by HELCOM. They suggest that in addition to scientific monitoring, the participation of a wide group of actors in the monitoring and assessment of marine governance should be enhanced, because "various sets of stakeholders commanding different sources of knowledge and experiences can contribute to the long-term robustness of environmental governance" (Hassler et al 2013:241).…”

Section: Suggestions For Processes To Address the Systemic Delaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The international convention on protection of the Baltic Sea, HELCOM, has dealt with the problem since the 1970s. HELCOM's present Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP) has been operational since (Backer et al 2010, Hassler et al 2013. The EU's 2008 Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD; Directive 2008/56/EC) is the latest development in marine protection policies in the Baltic Sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Coping with persistent environmental problems: systemic delays in reducing eutrophication of the Baltic Sea

Varjopuro¹,

Andrulewicz²,

Blenckner³

et al. 2014

E&S

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Section: Suggestions For Processes To Address the Systemic Delaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with persistent environmental problems: systemic delays in reducing eutrophication of the Baltic Sea

Varjopuro¹,

Andrulewicz²,

Blenckner³

et al. 2014

E&S

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“…They act as key providers of knowledge, monitoring and expert advice to political authorities and thereby exert substantial influence over eutrophication and fishery policies and management (Hassler et al, 2013). There are similarities in science-policy interaction between the fisheries case (ICES-EU) and the eutrophication case (NEST-HELCOM nexus) as seen in the traditionally strong focus on natural science generated knowledge and on evidence rather than precaution in advice and decision-making.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is literature in the BSR context that has examined more in-depth the various aspects of environmental governance Hassler, Boström, & Grönholm, 2013) and science-policy interactions in particular (Gilek, Karlsson, Udovyk, & Linke, 2015;Linke, Gilek, Karlsson, & Udovyk, 2014Pihlajamäki & Tynkkynen, 2011). However, few, if any, studies have explicitly undertaken an analytical comparison that includes the historical dynamics and developments of science-policy interactions of two important environmental governance concerns such as eutrophication and fisheries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge for environmental governance: probing science–policy theory in the cases of eutrophication and fisheries in the Baltic Sea

Saunders

Gilek

Linke

2017

Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

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How science and policy interact has been a major research focus in the International Relations (IR) tradition, using the epistemic community (EC) concept, as well as in the alternative perspective of Science and Technology Studies (STS). Should science be autonomous and as apolitical as possible in order to 'speak truth to power', as suggested by EC or should the inevitable entanglement of science and politics be accepted and embraced so as to make advice more conducive to negotiating the explicit travails of political decision-making as suggested by STS? With this point of departure, we compare similarities and differences between science-policy interactions in the issue areas of eutrophication and fisheries management of the Baltic Sea. To examine how knowledge is mobilised, the concepts of 'uncertainty' and 'coherence' are developed, drawing on both EC and STS thinking. We then reflect on the explanatory value of these approaches in both cases and discuss how a separation of science and policy-making in the pursuit of achieving scientific consensus leads to ineffectual policies. Drawing on STS thinking, we urge for a reconceptualisation of coherence in order to accommodate a more reflexive practice of science-policy interactions.ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…A command-and-control management model was adopted that set fixed targets (e.g., a 40% reduction of nutrient inputs into the sea for all countries). The Baltic Sea Action Plan was signed in 2007 by the same countries (and by the EU) based on an ecosystem approach (Hassler et al, 2013;Valman et al, 2016;Varjopuro et al, 2014); in this approach, a desired ecosystem status must be achieved, even if this requires different policies for some countries. This is close to the strong sustainability paradigm depicted in the previous section.…”

Section: Numerical Results For a Case Study Of The Baltic Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsibility, Inequality, Efficiency, and Equity in Four Sustainability Paradigms: Policies for a Shared Sea from a Multi-Country Analytical Model

Zagonari

2017

SSRN Journal

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This paper develops a theoretical framework for four sustainability paradigms (weak sustainability, a-growth, de-growth, strong sustainability) within cooperative and non-cooperative scenarios, and includes changes in four values (a sense of responsibility to nature and future generations; aversion to inequality for current and future generations). The model assesses the feasibility of sustainability solutions for a shared environment as a function of specific value changes in each country by interpreting these value changes as support for environmental policies. The solutions are defined in terms of consumption, use of the environment, and welfare of representative individuals in each country; they are characterised by efficiency and equality at both intra-and inter-generational levels; they are checked for internal consistency and consistency with alternative approaches such as utilitarianism, egalitarianism (i.e., Arneson, Dworkin, Sen), and contractarianism. Theoretical insights are obtained by comparing contextual stability and relative effectiveness of the environment's use among countries in alternative scenarios. A case study of the Baltic Sea operationally suggests that the currently adopted strong sustainability (i.e., an ecosystem approach) in a non-cooperative scenario (i.e., countries attempt to maximize their own rather than overall welfare) is internally consistent, relatively efficient, and consistent with Dworkin egalitarianism. Agrowth was never feasible, but de-growth in which Denmark, Finland, Germany, and Sweden increase environmental protection would increase intra-generational equality; de-growth or weak sustainability in which Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Russia increase environmental R&D would increase intra-and inter-generational equality; weak sustainability and de-growth consistent with Arneson and Dworkin egalitarianism would improve the environmental status.

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Towards an Ecosystem Approach to Management in Regional Marine Governance? The Baltic Sea Context

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Coping with persistent environmental problems: systemic delays in reducing eutrophication of the Baltic Sea

Coping with persistent environmental problems: systemic delays in reducing eutrophication of the Baltic Sea

Knowledge for environmental governance: probing science–policy theory in the cases of eutrophication and fisheries in the Baltic Sea

Responsibility, Inequality, Efficiency, and Equity in Four Sustainability Paradigms: Policies for a Shared Sea from a Multi-Country Analytical Model

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