Towards an Improved Lipid-Lowering Diet: Additive Effects of Changes in Nutrient Intake

Abstract

To identify diets that are more effective than existing ones in reducing lipoprotein-mediated risk of atherosclerotic heart disease, the serum lipids and lipoprotein response to three modified diets was studied in twelve normal men living in an institution. The "Western" reference diet (40% energy from fat, P/S ratio 0.27) was compared in Latin square design with a fat-modified diet (diet B, 27% energy from fat, P/S 1.0, reduced cholesterol content); with a fat-modified diet supplemented with fruit, vegetable, and cereal fibre (diet C); and with a diet providing 40% energy from fat, having P/S ratio 1.0 and supplemented by fibre (diet D). The effects of fat modification and fibre-supplementation (diets C and D) were strongly additive-a fall serum cholesterol by 24-29%, in low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by 31-34%, and in serum triglyceride by 21-26%; and the reduction, by diet C, of the ratio of serum cholesterol to high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol by 21%, and that of LDL-cholesterol to HDL2-cholesterol by 26%. The additive effects of multiple changes in nutrient intake, each moderate in extent, permits the design of diets which are remarkably effective in reducing serum-cholesterol level.

The association between dietary patterns and cardio vascular disease risk indicators in healthy youngsters: Results covering fifteen years of longitudinal development

“…(Hegsted et al, 1965;Lewis et al, 1981;Weisweiler et al, 1985;Rosenbergh & Schaefer, 1988;Li-Ching et al, 1994). Miller et al (1990) found no relationship between EN intake and adiposity, but demonstrated a higher fat contribution (En%) in obese adults compared to lean subjects, as well as a lower score on exercise activities.…”

Effect of Dietary Fiber on the Level of Free Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker <i>in Vitro</i>

“…9,13,14) A high intake of fiber may lower mean blood pressure in people with hypertension, 7) as well as in healthy subjects. 8) There are also many possible interactions between dietary fiber and drugs.…”

“…2,3) Dietary fiber reduces the risk of developing health problems, such as obesity, 4,5) hypertension, [6][7][8] constipation, 9,10) type 2 diabetes, 9,11,12) and hyperlipidemia. 9,13,14) A high intake of fiber may lower mean blood pressure in people with hypertension, 7) as well as in healthy subjects. 8) There are also many possible interactions between dietary fiber and drugs.…”

Refining a Church-Based Lifestyle Intervention Targeting African-American Adults at Risk for Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Pilot Study

“…In previous dietary studies, similar acute changes of cholesterol profiles were reported through reduced consumption of animal meat [43] [44], or through modified diets, i.e., switching from high-fat to low-fat, or replacing saturated fatty acids by polyunsaturated fatty acids [45] [46] [47] [48]. In addition to absolute cholesterol levels, an improved cholesterol profile, e.g, the reduced ratio of LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol, was observed in some studies [46] but not others. A previous metabolic study suggests that during dietary changes the reduction of HDL-cholesterol is due to the slower formation of HDL-cholesterol particles [48], thus would be temporary and less worrisome.…”