Towards Climate Change Resilient Cities in Africa – Initiating Adaptation in Dar es Salaam and Addis Ababa

Herslund, Lise Byskov; Lund, Dorthe Hedensted; Jørgensen, Gertrud; Mguni, Patience; Kombe, Wilbard; Yeshitela, Kumelachew

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03982-4_10

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This implies that the cities start to address those measures which can mobilize a broad range of stakeholders and their resources and create synergistic effects. Efforts have to be explicitly and closely connected to the problems the cities already face like flooding, informal areas, lack of services and social problems in order to be relevant for stakeholders and thereby have a chance of becoming implemented (Herslund et al 2015). It is important to start now, even if not all impacts are understood and data are lacking or not compiled in one central place.…”

Section: Process: How To Do It?mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…On top of this, social measures are key, a fact which was also pointed out by the stakeholders. Thus, involving and supporting vulnerable groups particularly in informal areas in integrated projects addressing both flood problems but also everyday needs is essential (Vedeld et al 2015;Kabisch et al 2015;Herslund et al 2015;Lindley et al 2015).…”

Section: Content: What Measures To Take?mentioning

confidence: 98%

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A multi-dimensional assessment of urban vulnerability to climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa

et al. 2015

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In this paper, we develop and apply a multi-dimensional vulnerability assessment framework for understanding the impacts of climate change-induced hazards in Sub-Saharan African cities. The research was carried out within the European/African FP7 project CLimate change and Urban Vulnerability in Africa, which investigated climate change-induced risks, assessed vulnerability and proposed policy initiatives in five African cities. Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) was used as a main case with a particular focus on urban flooding. The multi-dimensional assessment covered the physical, institutional, attitudinal and asset factors influencing urban vulnerability. Multiple methods were applied to cover the full range of vulnerabilities and to identify potential response strategies, including: model-based forecasts, spatial analyses, document studies, interviews and stakeholder workshops. We demonstrate the potential of the approach to assessing several dimensions of vulnerability and illustrate the complexity of urban vulnerability at different scales: households (e.g., lacking assets); communities (e.g., situated in low-lying areas, lacking urban services and green areas); and entire cities (e.g., facing encroachment on green and flood-prone land). Scenario modeling suggests that vulnerability will continue to increase strongly due to the expected loss of agricultural land at the urban fringes and loss of green space within the city. However, weak institutional commitment and capacity limit the potential for strategic coordination and action. To better adapt to urban flooding and thereby reduce vulnerability and build resilience, we suggest working across dimensions and scales, integrating climate change issues in city-level plans and strategies and enabling local actions to initiate a ‘learning-by-doing’ process of adaptation

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Section: Process: How To Do It?mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Content: What Measures To Take?mentioning

confidence: 98%

A multi-dimensional assessment of urban vulnerability to climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa

et al. 2015

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“…Current research indicates that climate change increases air and surface temperature and intensifies rainfall events in both magnitude and duration (Kendon et al 2014;Westra et al 2014). An increasing body of literature, including research on the effects of climate change on air temperatures and precipitation, points out that urbanization (Maheshwari et al 2020) and the loss of green spaces (Govindarajulu 2014;Herslund et al 2015) are magnifying the risks of climate change patterns (Zareian et al 2017;Berardi & Jafarpur 2020). Today almost 25% of the global population is exposed to floods (Tellman et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of Blue-Green infrastructure as a climate change adaptation strategy: a systematic literature review

et al. 2021

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Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) consists of natural and semi-natural systems implemented to mitigate climate change impacts in urban areas, including elevated air temperatures and flooding. This study is a state-of-the-art review that presents recent research on BGI by identifying and critically evaluating published studies that considered urban heat island mitigation and stormwater management as potential benefits. Thirty-two records were included in the review, with the majority of studies published after 2015. Findings indicate that BGI effectively controls urban runoff and mitigates urban heat, with the literature being slightly more focused on stormwater management than urban heat island mitigation. Among BGI, the studies on blue- and blue-green roofs focused on one benefit at a time (i.e. thermal or hydrologic performance) and did not consider promoting multiple benefits simultaneously. Two-thirds of the selected studies were performed on a large urban scale, with computer modelling and sensor monitoring being the predominant assessment methods. Compared with typical Green Infrastructure (GI), and from a design perspective, many crucial questions on BGI performance, particularly on smaller urban scales, remain unanswered. Future research will have to continue to explore the performance of BGI, considering the identified gaps.

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“…[57] add that the increase in intensity of very wet events, especially in the pre-monsoon and early monsoon phases, will be more pronounced over the Sahel and under RCP8.5 than in the Gulf of Guinea under RCP4.5. Urban areas are also affected by the occurrence of climate extremes in West Africa [25], and this is a major concern. African cities are experiencing an unprecedented increase in urbanisation Between 1990 and 2022, 500 million people moved to urban centers in Africa [51].…”

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confidence: 99%

Trends and forecasts of extreme rainfall in small, medium and large towns in Burkina Faso: a non-parametric statistical analysis and Holt-Winters Smoothing Method (West Africa)

Joseph

2024

Preprint

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Climate extremes have become an important issue in recent years, leading to renewed scientific interest in the topic. However, few studies have focused on the analysis of precipitation extremes in large, medium, and small towns in Burkina Faso, a Sahelian country in West Africa. This study aims to analyse trends and future projections of rainfall extremes in small, medium, and large cities in Burkina Faso. To this end, rainfall data were collected from the National Meteorological Agency of Burkina Faso (NMABF) over the period 1991-2020 at monthly time steps. The stations selected were Boromo for the small town of Boromo, Saria for the medium-sized town of Koudougou, and Bobo-Dioulasso for the city of Bobo-Dioulasso. The precipitation data were then entered into the Rclimdex software to produce precipitation indices. The extreme rainfall indices were analysed using descriptive statistics, linear regression, innovative graphical trends, and futures projections. The study shows that there is strong variability and an increasing monotonic trend in the extreme precipitation indices over the period 1990-2020. However, in the city of Koudougou, the trends are nonmonotonically increasing. The study also shows that the forecast based on the Holt-Winter additive model shows that extreme precipitation indices will increase in the study cities. However, the duration indices will decrease more in the city of Koudougou.

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Towards Climate Change Resilient Cities in Africa – Initiating Adaptation in Dar es Salaam and Addis Ababa

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

A multi-dimensional assessment of urban vulnerability to climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa

A multi-dimensional assessment of urban vulnerability to climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa

The potential of Blue-Green infrastructure as a climate change adaptation strategy: a systematic literature review

Trends and forecasts of extreme rainfall in small, medium and large towns in Burkina Faso: a non-parametric statistical analysis and Holt-Winters Smoothing Method (West Africa)

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