Towards Laser Driven Hadron Cancer Radiotherapy:  A Review of Progress

Ledingham, K. W. D.; Bolton, Paul R.; Shikazono, Naoya; Charlie, C.‐M.

doi:10.3390/app4030402

Cited by 114 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 124 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…More importantly, the radiobiological effectiveness of these beams needs must be assessed. For they exhibit unprecedented spatio-temporal physical features [7]. The physical pattern of the energy deposition events at nanometric scale and their subsequent very early stage (10 -12 -10 -6 s) radiochemical evolution determines the biological outcome, shaping the role of biochemical repair processes [8].…”

Section: The Rationale For Laser-driven Cancer Hadrontherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…several orders of magnitude larger than the ones used in the current therapeutic regimes [9]. While laser-driven particle beams can be thus seen as a valuable probe to investigate the core mechanisms of radiation action at the sub-nanometer and femtosecond scales [10,11], it has been suggested that the extreme spatio-temporal nature of laser-driven particle beams may ensue unknown biological responses [7,12,13]. Hence, ultra-fast high-energy particle radiobiology will have to ascertain whether and to what extent cellular radiosensitivity is influenced by such peculiar irradiation regimes.…”

Section: The Rationale For Laser-driven Cancer Hadrontherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The radiobiology of laser-driven particle beams: focus on sub-lethal responses of normal human cells

et al. 2017

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A: Accelerated proton beams have become increasingly common for treating cancer. The need for cost and size reduction of particle accelerating machines has led to the pioneering investigation of optical ion acceleration techniques based on laser-plasma interactions as a possible alternative. Laser-matter interaction can produce extremely pulsed particle bursts of ultra-high dose rates (≥ 10 9 Gy/s), largely exceeding those currently used in conventional proton therapy. Since biological effects of ionizing radiation are strongly affected by the spatio-temporal distribution of DNA-damaging events, the unprecedented physical features of such beams may modify cellular and tissue radiosensitivity to unexplored extents. Hence, clinical applications of laser-generated particles need thorough assessment of their radiobiological effectiveness. To date, the majority of studies have either used rodent cell lines or have focussed on cancer cell killing being local tumour control the main objective of radiotherapy. Conversely, very little data exist on sub-lethal cellular effects, of relevance to normal tissue integrity and secondary cancers, such as premature cellular senescence. Here, we discuss ultra-high dose rate radiobiology and present preliminary 1Corresponding author.

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Section: The Rationale For Laser-driven Cancer Hadrontherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Rationale For Laser-driven Cancer Hadrontherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The radiobiology of laser-driven particle beams: focus on sub-lethal responses of normal human cells

et al. 2017

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“…The present authors strongly believe that the emergence of charged particle therapy from basic and fundamental research is a boon to those with cancer problems to improve their quality of life, and will also be highly useful for non-cancer diseases in future. A statement about the prohibitive cost of hadron beam therapy is worth recollecting 35 : 'Although most developing countries would find the costs required for a conventional accelerator-based hadron therapy center to be prohibitive, they might find a laser-based system to be more affordable given national budgets. These countries could potentially afford 5-10 million € to initiate a laser-driven beam center that can guide future innovation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Progress in the Application of Radiation in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy

Aggarwal¹

2017

Current Science

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Cancer is a ubiquitous health problem globally caused by poor food quality, environmental pollution, genetic factors, etc. Despite the manifold presumptive theories put forth for its causation, there is an extreme paucity of knowledge as regards the actual etiology of cancer, as well as any preventive or prophylactic therapy. The treatment options available include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy (both internal and external). There have been technical and technological advancements in the fields of 'cancer surgery' and 'cancer chemotherapy', and radiotherapy in oncology is not too far behind. X-rays (from linear accelerators LINACs) and gamma rays (e.g. in Bhabhatron) are commonly used for radiation treatment of various types of cancers. New developments include proton beam therapy (PBT) and heavy ion beam therapy (IBT) (e.g. C +6 ion). These new developments of PBT and IBT offer significant advantages to treat paediatric patients, and to radiate deep-seated and radioresistant tumours. This article gives an overview of the various radiation therapies used worldwide, cost comparison of setting up these facilities, operational and treatment costs and advantages, limitations as well as the present status of different charged particle therapy facilities available worldwide.Keywords: Accelerators, cancer, diagnosis, oncology, radiation therapy. CANCER (a generic term for more than 100 different diseases characterized by uncontrolled, abnormal growth of cells) is one of the major killer diseases in humans whose origins are not yet well established despite extensive research in different international laboratories and hospitals all over the world. There are various kinds of cancers, e.g. breast cancer which accounts for 23% of all cancer cases in females, brain cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, etc. The treatment and prognosis are dependent upon the stage at which the cancer is detected, which in turn is governed by the accurate and sensitive cancer diagnostic methodology. Imaging techniques based on different radiations like X-rays and -rays are highly valuable, and are internationally recognized 'gold standards' for cancer diagnosis. X-rays, -rays, -particles, protons and heavy ions are useful for radiation therapy before or after the surgery of a cancerous organ. Radiation therapy can be given by internal radiation (brachytherapy) or external radiation for the treatment of cancer. About 4% of people in developed countries are diagnosed with cancer each year, and more than 50% of these patients are subjected to radiation therapy, along with surgery, as a part of their treatment protocols. Radiation therapy may be used with curative intent, or as a palliative treatment, where cure is not possible. It can be used alone or in combination with other approaches (surgery and chemotherapy) to treat localized solid tumours (e.g. cancers of the skin, brain, breast, or cervix), and also to treat cancers such as leukaemia and lymphoma. Radiation therapy works by ...

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“…A strong motivation for the field of laser-driven ion acceleration is the prospective of future application to cancer therapy [20], and the potential advantages of laser-accelerated ions were reviewed in the talk by C. Obcemea (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York).…”

Section: Beam Transport Manipulation and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%