Towards Methodological Guidance for Longitudinal Ambient Display In Situ Research

Spontaneous Utilization: A Classic Grounded Theory of Utilizing Ambient Displays in Professional, Large-Scale Agile Software Development Environments

“…In Phase 1, the idea of crude indices was leveraged for analyses (Schwarzer et al, 2019). Principally, we used crude indices to quantify utilization in terms of mapping aggregated numbers of interaction to discrete time windows.…”

“…While there is a steadily increasing number of evaluations observable (Shelton et al, 2020), there is simultaneously a need for methodological contributions (Du et al, 2017). Specifically, recent studies stress existing epistemological (Jurmu et al, 2016) and methodological challenges (Hosio, Kukka, Goncalves, Kostakos, & Ojala, 2016;Jurmu et al, 2016;Schwarzer, von Luck, Draheim, & Koch, 2019) and, accordingly, argue for both methodological development (Du et al, 2017;Hazlewood et al, 2011) as well as improved evaluation methods for long-term in-situ studies (M¨akel¨a et al, 2018). There is a need for devising new standard methods for evaluations (Hazlewood et al, 2011;Shelton & Nesbitt, 2017) which requires studies emphasizing on long-term field deployments to elicit the very nature of ambient displays-"to become truly ambient within a given environment" (Hazlewood et al, 2011, emphasis as in original).…”

“…Yet, as we recently expanded upon (Schwarzer et al, 2019), we are not of the opinion that our chosen way may fit every in-situ research the best. Sometimes, researchers may have to develop their own methodological approaches (Keskinen et al, 2013).…”

“…Pictorial models were utilized to conceptually and theoretically conclude each phase (Glaser, 1978) and to guide the process of writing up the theory as it was formulated. We made the touch interaction data, questions asked, and the observation template publicly available (Schwarzer, Draheim, von Luck, Wang, & Grecos, 2021). It is noted that the four phases were not connected to or a result of any revision of the Ambient Surfaces.…”

“…Figure 2. A bar chart diagram based onSchwarzer et al (2019) showing the evolution of both Ambient Surfaces (i.e. system S1 and system S2 as of Week 33 in 2015) over time by relating added, removed, and resized (i.e.…”