Towards porous polymer monoliths for the efficient, retention-independent performance in the isocratic separation of small molecules by means of nano-liquid chromatography

Nischang, Ivo; Teasdale, Ian; Brüggemann, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.077

Cited by 96 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It was also reported that the specific surface area of the polymer monolith decreased with an increase of polymerization time. [24][25][26]33 Similar phenomenon would arise in the polymerization process in this work and affect separation efficiency. A detailed study to clarify the relation between the copolymer compositions of the monolith and column performance should be essential in the future work.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…3, the polymerization of EDMA proceeded faster than that of BMA, which is consistent with previous reports. [24][25][26] At the shortest polymerization time, only about 6% of total monomer mass in the capillary (24 wt% × 10% + 16 wt% × 21%) reacted to form the polymer monolith fixed in the capillary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24][25][26] Additionally, the monolithic columns polymerized at 0 and 15 C for 2 min were also prepared and evaluated under the same chromatographic conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,22,27 In the former process, the preparation of polymer monoliths using relatively short time thermal-polymerization resulted in increased porosity and specific surface area of the monolith, and column efficiency for small molecules was enhanced along with decreased flow resistance. 16,[24][25][26] In the latter process, photopolymerization of monoliths was carried out at low temperatures ranging from -15 to 15 C. 21,22,27 While the detailed effects of a low polymerization temperature have not been elucidated, it has been reported that photopolymerization under lower temperatures resulted in both higher separation efficiency and higher permeability in monolithic columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, polymer monolithic columns with high separation efficiency and high permeability were developed using new polymerization methods such as low-conversion polymerization 16,[24][25][26] and low-temperature ultraviolet (UV) photopolymerization. 21,22,27 In the former process, the preparation of polymer monoliths using relatively short time thermal-polymerization resulted in increased porosity and specific surface area of the monolith, and column efficiency for small molecules was enhanced along with decreased flow resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Low-flow-resistance Methacrylate-based Polymer Monolithic Column Prepared by Low-conversion Ultraviolet Photopolymerization at Low Temperature

et al. 2013

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24][25][26] Additionally, the monolithic columns polymerized at 0 and 15 C for 2 min were also prepared and evaluated under the same chromatographic conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Low-flow-resistance Methacrylate-based Polymer Monolithic Column Prepared by Low-conversion Ultraviolet Photopolymerization at Low Temperature

et al. 2013

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Monolithic High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

Desire

Hilder

Arrua

2017

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Monolithic HPLC (high‐performance liquid chromatography) columns have emerged over the recent decades as highly attractive alternatives to conventional HPLC technology. A monolith is considered to be a continuous piece of porous material. Two types of monolithic columns have been developed for liquid chromatography (LC) applications; they are polymer monoliths and silica monoliths, which differ based on their porous properties. Polymer monoliths consist solely of macropores (pores larger than 50 nm), while silica monoliths possess both macropores and mesopores (pores between 2 and 50 nm). Silica monoliths therefore possess higher surface areas than polymer monoliths and have mainly been utilied for the separation of small molecules, where excellent separation performance has been demonstrated. Polymer monoliths on the other hand have been shown to provide excellent separation performance for larger molecules, where the convective transport of these molecules is unhindered by the presence of mesopores. Polymer and silica monoliths can be prepared in a variety of ways, resulting in varied surface chemistries and flow properties, thus allowing their application in a wide range of chromatographic modes, including reversed‐phase (RP), ion‐exchange, hydrophilic interaction, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC), to name a few. This has allowed for the separation of a variety of analytes, from small molecules such as alkylbenzenes, to larger molecules such as peptides and proteins. They have also found application for the separation of DNA. In recent years, significant attention has been focused on improving and understanding the behavior of these materials and alternative synthetic routes for their preparation.

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Current trends in the development of polymer‐based monolithic stationary phases

Nechvátalová

Urban

2022

Analytical Science Advances

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This review focuses on the development and applications of organic polymer monoliths, with special attention to the literature published in 2021. The latest protocols in the preparation of polymer monoliths are discussed. In particular, tailored surface modification using nanomaterials, the development of chiral stationary phases and development of stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography are reviewed.Furthermore, the optimization of pore forming solvents composition is also discussed.Finally, the use of monolithic stationary phases in sample treatment using solid-phase extraction and enrichment methods, molecularly imprinted polymers and enzymatic reactors is mentioned.

show abstract

Towards porous polymer monoliths for the efficient, retention-independent performance in the isocratic separation of small molecules by means of nano-liquid chromatography

Cited by 96 publications

References 41 publications

Low-flow-resistance Methacrylate-based Polymer Monolithic Column Prepared by Low-conversion Ultraviolet Photopolymerization at Low Temperature

Low-flow-resistance Methacrylate-based Polymer Monolithic Column Prepared by Low-conversion Ultraviolet Photopolymerization at Low Temperature

Monolithic High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

Current trends in the development of polymer‐based monolithic stationary phases

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