Towards the synthetic all-optical computer: science fiction or reality?

Arsenault, André C.; Fournier‐Bidoz, Sébastien; Hatton, Benjamin D.; Míguez, Hernán; Tétreault, Nicolas; Vekris, E.; Wong, Sean; Yang, Suxia; Kitaev, Vladimir; Ozin, Geoffrey A.

doi:10.1039/b314305h

Cited by 121 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…When a nematic is confined to a spherical shell, the director field is necessarily disrupted by the presence of topological defects [1,2]. These systems not only are rich systems to study topological problems, but they also provide a promising route for generating colloids with a valence [3], which is an important goal in material science [4]. Different defect structures have been observed, differing in the number and distribution of defects [5].…”

Section: Nematic-smectic Transition In Spherical Shellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematic-Smectic Transition in Spherical Shells

et al. 2011

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Section: Nematic-smectic Transition In Spherical Shellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematic-Smectic Transition in Spherical Shells

et al. 2011

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“…Exemplified by gemstone opals, threedimensional PCs are readily available by means of colloidal selfassembly, making them a fertile test-bed for investigating concepts based on tunable structural colour. Synthetic preparations for silica or polymer microspheres with low dispersity (,2%) are well-developed, and their self-assembly into a close-packed ordered structure leaves a void volume of 26% available for further material infiltration or modification 4,5 . Tuning of colloidal PC optical properties has been effected by the infilling of metals, insulators, semiconductors and polymers of all types, and by the inversion of such constructs through removal of the template spheres.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic-crystal full-colour displays

et al. 2007

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In our information-rich world, it is becoming increasingly important to develop technologies capable of displaying dynamic and changeable data, for reasons ranging from valueadded advertising to environmental sustainability. There is an intense drive at the moment towards paper-like displays, devices having a high reflectivity and contrast to provide viewability in a variety of environments, particularly in sunlight where emissive or backlit devices perform very poorly. The list of possible technologies is extensive, including electrophoretic, cholesteric liquid crystalline, electrochromic, electrodewetting, interferometric and more. Despite tremendous advances, the key drawback of all these existing display options relates to colour. As soon as an RGB (red, green and blue) colour filter or spatially modulated colour scheme is implemented, substantial light losses are inevitable even if the intrinsic reflectivity of the material is very good.We describe a reflective flat-panel display technology based on the electrical actuation of photonic crystals. These materials display non-bleachable structural colour, reflecting narrow bands of wavelengths tuned throughout the entire visible spectrum by expansion and contraction of the photonic-crystal lattice. The material is inherently bright in high-light environments, has electrical bistability, low operational voltage, can be integrated onto flexible substrates, and is unique among all display technologies in that a continuous range of colours can be accessed without the need for colour filters or optical elements.Photonic crystals (PCs) 1,2 , materials with a periodic modulation in refractive index, can be sources of exceptionally bright and brilliant reflected colours arising from coherent Bragg optical diffraction 3 . Exemplified by gemstone opals, threedimensional PCs are readily available by means of colloidal selfassembly, making them a fertile test-bed for investigating concepts based on tunable structural colour. Synthetic preparations for silica or polymer microspheres with low dispersity (,2%) are well-developed, and their self-assembly into a close-packed ordered structure leaves a void volume of 26% available for further material infiltration or modification 4,5 . Tuning of colloidal PC optical properties has been effected by the infilling of metals, insulators, semiconductors and polymers of all types, and by the inversion of such constructs through removal of the template spheres.Given their bright colours with potential tunability, it seems obvious at first glance to use PCs as the active materials in refreshable full-colour digital displays. The fact that this has not yet been achieved highlights the difficult set of requirements that must be met by any potential candidate, including electrical tunability, access to thin and homogeneous oriented films, large tuning range, relatively rapid response time, mechanical and cycling stability, low voltage/current requirements, and obviously the ability to implement the material into a feasible, practical, sca...

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“…Natural polymeric nanomaterials are biological substitutes for synthetic materials, and they are derived from polysaccharides, polynucleotides, oligonucleotides, proteins, or polypeptides (Arsenault et al, 2004).…”

Section: Polymeric Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid nanomaterial: biocolloidals

Gözübenli¹,

Yasun²,

Dilsiz³

2017

Turk J Biol

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Nanomaterials-based diagnostics have tremendous advantages over other conventional diagnostic systems in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and portability owing to the unique intrinsic properties of nanomaterials. Thus, there is a substantial need to develop and employ a broad spectrum of nanomaterials for biological and diagnostic applications. In this review, we focus on nanomaterials-assisted disease diagnosis utilizing different techniques such as photoluminescence, colorimetry, fluorescence, electrochemistry, microarray methods, surface plasmon resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In these techniques, different nanomaterials, including but not limited to gold and silver materials, metal oxides, and semiconductors, were employed according to their all-purpose chemical and physical properties. As the new properties of nanomaterials are discovered, their contributions to nanobiotechnology applications are vastly increased. In this review, the features of the selected nanobiomaterials, biological tag-modified nanomaterials, and their outstanding applications for the detection of specific biotargets have been summarized according to the latest studies. Nanomaterials contribute to the fields of photo/chemotherapy and biomedical imaging in particular, since all the biological events happen within this size range and beneficiary roles of nanoparticles (NPs) are countless in biomedical applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, due to the necessity of specificity and selectivity, there is a clear ambition to study bioconjugation of NPs to increase the efficiency of the targeted biological applications. Thus, the combination of the specificity and the intrinsic properties of biohybrid NPs facilitate diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

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Towards the synthetic all-optical computer: science fiction or reality?

Cited by 121 publications

References 43 publications

Nematic-Smectic Transition in Spherical Shells

Nematic-Smectic Transition in Spherical Shells

Photonic-crystal full-colour displays

Hybrid nanomaterial: biocolloidals

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