Toxic effects caused by rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L.) are reversed on immature and aged rats

Wang, Jiabo; Kong, Weijun; Wang, Hongjuan; Zhao, Haiping; Xiao, Hualiang; Dai, Chunmei; Xiao, Xiaohe; Yan, Zhao; Jin, Cheng; Zhang, Lin; Fang, Fang; Li, Ruisheng

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.008

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the studies done by other authors, they observed that 4-MEI exposure leads to hepatic histiocytosis and chronic inflammation of hepatic parenchyma, however in paradoxical to our they did not detect on kupffer cell reactivity and disruption of cords of hepatocytes (CHAN, HILL, KISSLING et al, 2008). Similar findings of hepatic necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration and kupffer cell hyperplasia were reported by other authors after exposure to cyclophosphamide and lindane, consumption of cyprinid fish and rhubarb as well as hepatitis B and C infections (BRAUNBECK, GÖRGE, STORCH et al, 1990;SHOKRZADEH, CHABRA, AHMADI et al, 2014;ASAKAWA and NOGUCHI, 2014;WANG, KONG, WANG et al, 2011;STANCULEŢ, GRIGORAŞ, AVADANEI et al, 2013). It was even stated that statistically significant increase in the number of kupffer cells was associated with the degree of necro inflammatory activity as well as the degree of fibrosis in liver.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Destructive effects of 4-methylimidazole on histomorphology of liver

2017

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Background & aims: Food coloring is being done commercially in the food products industry these days which include large number of food dyes including caramel colors. 4-Methylimidazole (4-MEI) is a component of various caramel colored food products such as bakery products, beer, soy sauces, gravy, colas and other soft drinks which are consumed daily. Humans can be exposed to 4-MEI by ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact. Ingestion is the most common route of exposure. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of 4-MEI consumption on liver in albino rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200 grams were procured for the study and were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental animals were given 4-MEI orally by gavage at a dose of 250mg/kg body weight daily for a period of one month while the control animals received distilled water. The animals were euthanized under ether anesthesia at the end of experiment within 24 hours of last dose by perfusion with formal saline. The liver was dissected out and processed for histopathological examination. Results: The histopathological observations of liver in experimental rats showed features of focal hepatocellular degeneration with mononuclear cell infiltration, kupffer cell hyperplasia, increased polyploidy and hepatocytic vacuolation. The findings in the present study strongly suggest hepatocellular damage caused by ingestion of 4-methylimidazole which is found in caramel colorants used routinely in food industry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Destructive effects of 4-methylimidazole on histomorphology of liver

2017

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“…Currently, there are many reports on the adverse reactions of Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) including Polygonum multiflorum (PM) (Park et al, 2001; Dong et al, 2014), rhubarb (Wang et al, 2011; Albersmeyer et al, 2012), Tripterygium wilfordii (Li et al, 2015), Fructus Aristolochiae (Abdelgadir et al, 2011; Yuan et al, 2014; Wu et al, 2016), Radix aconiti carmichaeli (Murayama et al, 1991; Zhang et al, 2016), Periploca sepium bunge, Nuces vomicae (Ng et al, 2013) and others. Some of these toxic components are unambiguous; for example, aristolochic acid, which is present in fructus aristolochi , has renal toxicity (Mengs and Stotzem, 1993; Okada et al, 2003), and the cardiac glycosides in P. sepium bunge can induce arrhythmia (Demek and Sporni, 1969; Kobinger et al, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Perspective on Liver Injury by Traditional Chinese Herbs Such As Polygonum multiflorum: The Geographical Area of Harvest As an Important Contributory Factor

Lin

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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Herbal medicine has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases; however, the adverse reactions cannot be ignored. Most previous studies have ignored the relationship between the factors of geographical areas/batches and toxicity. This study used Polygonum multiflorum (PM) as an example to analyze the relationship between the geographical areas/batches and toxicity and speculated on the hepatotoxicity-inducing components in PM based on high content screening, UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS and Progenesis QI software analysis. The results of the study show that the toxicity of PM was obviously different among the different geographical areas, and the most toxic PM was from the Sichuan province. To obtain more accurate results and to reduce the false-positive rate, two methods were used to evaluate the speculative results. It was noteworthy that emodin was not the main hepatocyte toxicity constituent of PM. The analysis methods suggested that PM toxicity may be associated with tetrahydroxystilbene-O-(galloyl)-hex and emodin-O-hex-sulfate. The toxicity of these two components requires further study.

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“…Rheum palmatum (RP) has been used for treating various diseases especially in the Chinese population (Luo et al, ; Wang et al, ; Xiong et al, ). RP for example was used for anti‐inflammatory (Zhang et al, ) and chronic liver diseases (Tang et al, ; Lin et al, ; Wang et al, ; Xing et al, ) The major components of RP like rhein, emodin, aloe‐emodin induced cell death in human human colon cancer, human uveal melanoma cells (Campbell et al, ; Kang et al, ; Lin et al, ; Rajkumar et al, ; Sun and Bu, ; Ma et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crude extract of Rheum palmatum L. Induces cell cycle arrest S phase and apoptosis through mitochondrial‐dependent pathways in U‐2 OS human osteosarcoma cells

Lin

Lee

Lin

et al. 2015

Environmental Toxicology

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Cancer is the second cause of death in children. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of solid bone cancer primarily affecting adolescents and young adults. In the Chinese population, the crude extract of Rheum palmatum L. (CERP) has been used for treating different diseases, including SARS, rheumatoid arthritis, coxsackievirus B3, and human colon cancer cell, pancreatic cancer. There are no reports on CERP and human osteosarcoma cells. The present study examined effects of CERP on cytotoxicity including cell cycle distribution and cell death (apoptosis) in U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells. CERP significantly induced S phase arrest in U-2 OS cells in a dose-dependent. CERP produced DNA damage and DNA condensation. Other effects of CERP were stimulation of ROS and Ca(2+) , mitochondria impairment, and activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9. CERP increased the levels of Bax, Bak, Bad, cyclin B, Fas, PARP, GRP78, GADD153, AIF, Endo G, Calpain-2, p21, and p27, but decreased the levels of Bcl-2, BCL-X, XIAP, Akt, CDC25A, CDK2, Cyclin A, and Cyclin E of U-2 OS cells. It was also observed that CERP promoted the expression of AIF, Endo G, GADD153, and cytochrome c. These results indicate that CERP has anticancer effects in vitro and provide the foundation for in vivo studies of animal models of osteosarcoma. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 957-969, 2016.

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Toxic effects caused by rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L.) are reversed on immature and aged rats

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Destructive effects of 4-methylimidazole on histomorphology of liver

Destructive effects of 4-methylimidazole on histomorphology of liver

A New Perspective on Liver Injury by Traditional Chinese Herbs Such As Polygonum multiflorum: The Geographical Area of Harvest As an Important Contributory Factor

Crude extract of Rheum palmatum L. Induces cell cycle arrest S phase and apoptosis through mitochondrial‐dependent pathways in U‐2 OS human osteosarcoma cells

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