Toxic Metals in the Environment

Chang, Louis W.; Cockerham, Lorris G.

doi:10.1201/9781315138091-4

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The results in table (3) show that the Zinc concentration in the patients is less than the concentration in control health patients (figure 4). In general, the results in tables (1-3) illustrate that the Zinc accumulated in human blood serum is more concentrated than its concentration in water and soil of all sites.…”

Section: Fig 3: Total Concentration Of Zinc In Water (µG /Ml )mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The quantity of Zinc in environmental samples is determined using a variety of analytical techniques, including spectrophotometric, inductive couple plasma, electrochemical, and atomic absorption techniques [1][2][3][4][5]. Due to its accessibility, sensitivity, and suitability, flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry was utilized in the current study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of the Zinc level in Environmental and Biological Samples in Baiji City by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Hasan¹

2022

Tikrit J. Pure Sci.

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This study was conducted to measure Zinc levels in environmental and biological samples. The method was tested with three types of samples, including soil, water, and human blood serum. In this method, 50 samples from each soil, water, and human blood serum were used. The water and soil samples were collected from the Baiji oil refinery, while the human blood serum was collected from the patients in the Baiji hospital. The total Zinc concentration in the environmental and biological samples was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results of the Zinc determination were obtained from the samples taken from the soil for each site under examination. The following values showed the mean average concentration for each site, respectively. site 1 (15±3.5), site 2 (11.5±1.1), site 3 (14.5) ±0.5), and site 4 (13.8±3.8) µg/g. Moreover, the Zinc concentration in the water samples was between 3-14.3 µg/ mL. The Zinc concentration in the blood serum samples of the control and the healthy group was 598 ± 32 µg/mL, and in the patient group was 450 ± 16 µg/mL.

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Section: Fig 3: Total Concentration Of Zinc In Water (µG /Ml )mentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Zinc level in Environmental and Biological Samples in Baiji City by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Hasan¹

2022

Tikrit J. Pure Sci.

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“…Therefore, these enhanced the accumulation of heavy metals in both mining and their neighboring communities. Without enforcement of environmental pollution control laws and proper management practices, these may trigger the movement of heavy metals in the environment through the food chain and food web (Chang & Cockerham, 2019), causing a threat to public health and the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria

Yahaya

Mahmud

Abdu

2022

Agro. Bali. Agric. J.

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Progressive illegal artisanal mining activities threaten public health without functional law enforcement on pollution control and proper management practices. This is not an exception of Zamfara State, Nigeria, where a large portion of the populace participates in artisanal mining. The study was conducted to assess the level of health risk associated with heavy metals contaminated soils of Zamfara state, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from five mining locations (Abare, Bagega, Dareta, Sunke, and Tungar Kudaku) and Anka-town (control site) with no record of mining activities. In each place, bulked soil samples were collected from three sites (mining site, processing site, and village), and the concentration of six heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Ni) in all the samples were analyzed. The result of the principal component analysis and correlation analysis revealed that Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni originated from the same source, i.e., anthropogenic/mining activities. While Fe and Cd originated from the geogenic processes because of their high abundance in the soil of the study area, as Anka-town (control site) also recorded high concentrations of Fe and Cd. Health risk assessments were carried out in two groups of population (adult and children) through three exposure pathways (i.e., ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation). The results showed that ingestion dominated dermal contact and inhalation pathways, and Fe is the riskiest metal while Cd and Ni have the lowest risk of exposure for daily intakes. The non-cancer hazard quotient (HQ) values were all recorded below 1. For the total hazard index (THI), all the adult's exposure pathways were negligible, while for children, only Bagega has ingestion of heavy metals exceeding one (1.10), indicating that non-cancer health risks for children exist. The other four mining locations, Abare, Sunke, Tunga, and Dareta, have values approaching one (i.e., 0.71, 0.60, 0.50, and 0.74, respectively). While for Anka town, which is the control site, it has a value far less than one (0.16). These indicate that all the study locations have the potential for children's health risk through ingesting food produced from contaminated soils. Therefore, there is an urgent need to apply remediation measures immediately to combat complications raised due to heavy metal contaminations.

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“…Acid drainage, whether naturally occurring or due to anthropogenic activities, has been the subject of research and concern worldwide (Chang and Cockerham, 1994;Yernberg, 2000). Governmental agencies and mining companies alike have joined forces to study the problem and share information regarding treatment and remediation technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contaminated water flowing from the affected sites has been shown to have a negative effect on stream health and diversity. Stream ecology shifts to domination by a few pollution-tolerant organisms, if the stream is still habitable at all (Chang and Cockerham, 1994;Connell and Miller, 1984;Gray, 1997;Kleinow and Goodrich, 1994;Maggard and Kirk, 1999;Singh et al, 1997;Stuart et al, 1999;Yernberg, 2000). Metals incorporated into the stream sediments can act as secondary contamination sources (Macklin et al, 1997), making their removal prior to drainage discharge all the more important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and physical properties of acid mine drainage floc

Bohan¹

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Acid mine drainage is a serious environmental concern in many regions worldwide, but especially in coal and metal mining regions. These acid drainages are often treated with chemicals to raise the pH of the water and to cause neutralization and precipitation of metals. As neutralization occurs, a looser gelatinous material called "floc" is produced. The effects of neutralizing chemical, pH, sulfate to iron molar ratio, and solids concentration on floc settling properties were determined in synthetic acid mine drainage. Sulfate was the important factor affecting floc physicochemical properties, increasing settling times from 25-125% and decreasing settling rates from 24-63%. Neutralization pH, treatment chemical cation and initial solids concentration were less important. Ability of treatment to meet discharge standards also decreased with increasing sulfate concentration. An understanding of sulfate and other solution property effects on floc properties may lead to increased treatment efficiency and improved stream water quality.

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Toxic Metals in the Environment

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Determination of the Zinc level in Environmental and Biological Samples in Baiji City by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Determination of the Zinc level in Environmental and Biological Samples in Baiji City by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria

Chemical and physical properties of acid mine drainage floc

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