Toxicity assessment of Amphidinium carterae, Coolia cfr. monotis and Ostreopsis cfr. ovata (Dinophyta) isolated from the northern Ionian Sea (Mediterranean Sea)

Pagliara, Patrizia; Caroppo, Carmela

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.08.005

Cited by 87 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…While the first report of Ostreopsis sp. in the Mediterranean dates back to 1972 [15], it is debatable whether the increased occurrence of high density blooms can be attributed to climate change or whether other factors need to be considered as well [16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Toxin Profile of French Mediterranean Ostreopsis cf. ovata Strains, Seafood Accumulation and Ovatoxins Prepurification

et al. 2014

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Ostreopsis cf. ovata produces palytoxin analogues including ovatoxins (OVTXs) and a putative palytoxin (p-PLTX), which can accumulate in marine organisms and may possibly lead to food intoxication. However, purified ovatoxins are not widely available and their toxicities are still unknown. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of the ecophysiology of Ostreopsis cf. ovata and its toxin production as well as to optimize the purification process for ovatoxin. During Ostreopsis blooms in 2011 and 2012 in Villefranche-sur-Mer (France, NW Mediterranean Sea), microalgae epiphytic cells and marine organisms were collected and analyzed both by LC-MS/MS and hemolysis assay. Results obtained with these two methods were comparable, suggesting ovatoxins have hemolytic properties. An average of 223 μg·kg−1 of palytoxin equivalent of whole flesh was found, thus exceeding the threshold of 30 μg·kg−1 in shellfish recommended by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Ostreopsis cells showed the same toxin profile both in situ and in laboratory culture, with ovatoxin-a (OVTX-a) being the most abundant analogue (~50%), followed by OVTX-b (~15%), p-PLTX (12%), OVTX-d (8%), OVTX-c (5%) and OVTX-e (4%). Ostreopsis cf. ovata produced up to 2 g of biomass per L of culture, with a maximum concentration of 300 pg PLTX equivalent cell−1. Thus, an approximate amount of 10 mg of PLTX-group toxins may be produced with 10 L of this strain. Toxin extracts obtained from collected biomass were purified using different techniques such as liquid-liquid partition or size exclusion. Among these methods, open-column chromatography with Sephadex LH20 phase yielded the best results with a cleanup efficiency of 93% and recovery of about 85%, representing an increase of toxin percentage by 13 fold. Hence, this purification step should be incorporated into future isolation exercises.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Toxin Profile of French Mediterranean Ostreopsis cf. ovata Strains, Seafood Accumulation and Ovatoxins Prepurification

et al. 2014

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“…In these areas, O. cf. ovata is well-known for its toxin production, including both palytoxin-like compounds (isobaric palytoxin and ovatoxin-a, b, c, d, e, f and g) and mascarenotoxin-a and c (Rossi et al, 2010;Ciminiello et al, 2011Ciminiello et al, , 2012Scalco et al, 2012;Uchida et al, 2013;García-Altares et al, 2015) that cause both mortality of benthic marine organisms (Shears and Ross, 2009;Accoroni et al, 2011;Gorbi et al, 2012Gorbi et al, , 2013Pagliara and Caroppo, 2012) and noxious effects on human health (Gallitelli et al, 2005;Kermarec et al, 2008;Tichadou et al, 2010;Del Favero et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic interactions between the HAB dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata and macroalgae

et al. 2015

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“…Haemolytic activity was carried out according to the method of Pagliara and Caroppo (2012). In brief, about 10 mL of blood was collected from healthy volunteers following consent and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 3 min and the supernatant was discarded.…”

Section: Haemolytic Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular profiling and bioactive potential of an endophytic fungus Aspergillus sulphureus isolated from Sida acuta : a medicinal plant

Murali

Mahendra

Hema

et al. 2017

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Sida acuta Burm.f. (Malvaceae) extracts are reported to have applications against malaria, diuretic, antipyretic, nervous and urinary diseases. No fungal endophytes of S. acuta are reported. Objective: Isolation, identification and evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and haemolytic potential of fungal endophytes from the ethnomedcinal plant S. acuta. Materials and methods: Sida acuta stem segments were placed on PDA medium to isolate endophytic fungi. The fungus was identified by genomic DNA analysis and phylogenetic tree was constructed using ITS sequences (GenBank) to confirm species. The antibacterial efficacy of Aspergillus sulphureus MME12 ethyl acetate extract was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, anticancer and DNA fragmentation against EAC cells, and direct haemolytic activity (100-500 lg/mL) using human erythrocytes were determined. Results and discussion: The ethyl acetate extract of A. sulphureus (Fresen.) Wehmer (Trichocomaceae) demonstrated significant antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi compared to streptomycin. MIC against test pathogens was in the range of 15.6-62.5 lg/mL. The antioxidant results revealed significant RSA from 12.43% to 62.02% (IC 50 ¼ 350.4 lg/ mL, p 0.05). MME12 offered considerable inhibition of EAC proliferation (23% to 84%, IC 50 ¼ 216.7 lg/mL, p 0.05) supported by DNA fragmentation studies. The extract also offered insignificant haemolysis (5.6%) compared to Triton X-100. Conclusions: A single endophytic fungus, A. sulphureus MME12 was isolated and identified using molecular profiling. The above-mentioned findings support the pharmacological application of A. sulphureus MME12 extract and demand for purification of the active principle(s).

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Toxicity assessment of Amphidinium carterae, Coolia cfr. monotis and Ostreopsis cfr. ovata (Dinophyta) isolated from the northern Ionian Sea (Mediterranean Sea)

Cited by 87 publications

References 52 publications

Complex Toxin Profile of French Mediterranean Ostreopsis cf. ovata Strains, Seafood Accumulation and Ovatoxins Prepurification

Complex Toxin Profile of French Mediterranean Ostreopsis cf. ovata Strains, Seafood Accumulation and Ovatoxins Prepurification

Allelopathic interactions between the HAB dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata and macroalgae

Molecular profiling and bioactive potential of an endophytic fungus Aspergillus sulphureus isolated from Sida acuta : a medicinal plant

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