Toxicomicrobiomics: The Human Microbiome vs. Pharmaceutical, Dietary, and Environmental Xenobiotics

Abdelsalam, Nehal Adel; Ramadan, Ahmed; ElRakaiby, Marwa T.; Aziz, Ramy K.

doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00390

Cited by 76 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…These bacteria possess many biochemical pathways that humans have not developed, such as the bioactivation, degradation and metabolism of exogenous compounds, including indigestible dietary compounds [ 58 ]. Lately, the impact of the gut microbiota on drugs and the mutual drug–microbiome interactions have been highlighted, and the fields of pharmacomicrobiomics and toxicomicrobiomics are rapidly developing to systematically study such interactions and catalogue their pharmacotherapeutic and clinical impacts [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Metabolism Of Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gut Microbiota Biotransformation on Dietary Tannins and Human Health Implications

et al. 2021

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Tannins represent a heterogeneous group of high-molecular-weight polyphenols that are ubiquitous among plant families, especially in cereals, as well as in many fruits and vegetables. Hydrolysable and condensed tannins, in addition to phlorotannins from marine algae, are the main classes of these bioactive compounds. Despite their low bioavailability, tannins have many beneficial pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects. Microbiota-mediated hydrolysis of tannins produces highly bioaccessible metabolites, which have been extensively studied and account for most of the health effects attributed to tannins. This review article summarises the effect of the human microbiota on the metabolism of different tannin groups and the expected health benefits that may be induced by such mutual interactions. Microbial metabolism of tannins yields highly bioaccessible microbial metabolites that account for most of the systemic effects of tannins. This article also uses explainable artificial intelligence to define the molecular signatures of gut-biotransformed tannin metabolites that are correlated with chemical and biological activity. An understanding of microbiota–tannin interactions, tannin metabolism-related phenotypes (metabotypes) and chemical tannin-metabolites motifs is of great importance for harnessing the biological effects of tannins for drug discovery and other health benefits.

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Section: Metabolism Of Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gut Microbiota Biotransformation on Dietary Tannins and Human Health Implications

et al. 2021

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“…through triggering microbiota dysbiosis. Consequently, advances in toxicomicrobiomics are needed to study these complex and mutual influences between the ever-changing microbiome and obesogens of various origins, with emphasis on their fate and toxicity, and xenobiotic-modifying enzymes [ 112 ].…”

Section: Information and Criteria For Searching And Culturing Next-generation Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next Generation Probiotics for Neutralizing Obesogenic Effects: Taxa Culturing Searching Strategies

et al. 2021

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The combination of diet, lifestyle, and the exposure to food obesogens categorized into “microbiota disrupting chemicals” (MDC) could determine obesogenic-related dysbiosis and modify the microbiota diversity that impacts on individual health–disease balances, inducing altered pathogenesis phenotypes. Specific, complementary, and combined treatments are needed to face these altered microbial patterns and the specific misbalances triggered. In this sense, searching for next-generation beneficial microbes or next-generation probiotics (NGP) by microbiota culturing, and focusing on their demonstrated, extensive scope and well-defined functions could contribute to counteracting and repairing the effects of obesogens. Therefore, this review presents a perspective through compiling information and key strategies for directed searching and culturing of NGP that could be administered for obesity and endocrine-related dysbiosis by (i) observing the differential abundance of specific microbiota taxa in obesity-related patients and analyzing their functional roles, (ii) developing microbiota-directed strategies for culturing these taxa groups, and (iii) applying the successful compiled criteria from recent NGP clinical studies. New isolated or cultivable microorganisms from healthy gut microbiota specifically related to obesogens’ neutralization effects might be used as an NGP single strain or in consortia, both presenting functions and the ability to palliate metabolic-related disorders. Identification of holistic approaches for searching and using potential NGP, key aspects, the bias, gaps, and proposals of solutions are also considered in this review.

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“…Environmental pollutants, also known as xenobiotics, are chemical substances found in living organisms, and are not naturally produced by organisms [ 121 , 122 ]. There are several different types of xenobiotics, including PPCPs, pesticides, and plastics [ 123 , 124 ].…”

Section: Exposure On Emerging Environmental Pollutantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic Studies for the Evaluation of Toxicity Induced by Environmental Toxicants on Model Organisms

Kim

Kang

2021

Metabolites

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Environmental pollution causes significant toxicity to ecosystems. Thus, acquiring a deeper understanding of the concentration of environmental pollutants in ecosystems and, clarifying their potential toxicities is of great significance. Environmental metabolomics is a powerful technique in investigating the effects of pollutants on living organisms in the environment. In this review, we cover the different aspects of the environmental metabolomics approach, which allows the acquisition of reliable data. A step-by-step procedure from sample preparation to data interpretation is also discussed. Additionally, other factors, including model organisms and various types of emerging environmental toxicants are discussed. Moreover, we cover the considerations for successful environmental metabolomics as well as the identification of toxic effects based on data interpretation in combination with phenotype assays. Finally, the effects induced by various types of environmental toxicants in model organisms based on the application of environmental metabolomics are also discussed.

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Toxicomicrobiomics: The Human Microbiome vs. Pharmaceutical, Dietary, and Environmental Xenobiotics

Cited by 76 publications

References 166 publications

Effect of Gut Microbiota Biotransformation on Dietary Tannins and Human Health Implications

Effect of Gut Microbiota Biotransformation on Dietary Tannins and Human Health Implications

Next Generation Probiotics for Neutralizing Obesogenic Effects: Taxa Culturing Searching Strategies

Metabolomic Studies for the Evaluation of Toxicity Induced by Environmental Toxicants on Model Organisms

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