Trace element homeostasis in the neurological system after SARS-CoV-2 infection: Insight into potential biochemical mechanisms

Jesus, Jemmyson Romário de; Galazzi, Rodrigo Moretto; Júnior, Cícero Alves Lopes; Arruda, Marco Aurélio Zezzi

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126964

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(326 reference statements)

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“…However, much of the research on the association of essential trace element status with the COVID-19 disease focused on the role of baseline trace element status in susceptibility to infection and its course. Only a negligible number of studies [ 36 , 37 ], including this study, focused on determining the trace element status after a COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content of Essential Trace Elements in the Hair of Residents of the Caspian Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan Who Recovered from COVID-19

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to investigate the content of essential elements in the hair of unvaccinated residents of the Caspian region who recovered from COVID-19. This cross-sectional study involved 260 unvaccinated permanent residents of Mangistau oblast aged 18–60. The diagnosis and severity of COVID-19 were based on clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory data, R-graph results, and oxygen saturation by the Clinical Protocol of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determined the content of trace elements cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), iodine (I), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn). The content of Cr (p < 0.05), Cu (p < 0.05), Fe (p < 0.001), I (p < 0.05), Mn (p < 0.001), and Zn (p < 0.05) in the hair of individuals who had a coronavirus infection was lower than those who did not have this infection. There were significantly higher levels of Cu (p < 0.05) in the hair of participants who had moderate or severe COVID-19 compared to those with mild forms. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that in the presence of a COVID-19 infection in a subject’s history, the content of Cr (0.871 (95% CI: 0.811; 0.936)), Cu (0.875 (95% CI: 0.803; 0.955)), Fe (0.745 (95% CI: 0.636; 0.873)), and Mn (0.642 (95%CI: 00.518; 0.795)) decreased in the hair. The data obtained indicate that past COVID-19 infections affect the trace element status of the inhabitants of the Caspian region of Kazakhstan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content of Essential Trace Elements in the Hair of Residents of the Caspian Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan Who Recovered from COVID-19

et al. 2022

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“…After being infected by a virus through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the human body undergoes some changes to fight the infection [11]. The first change is vasodilation, which allows immune cells to reach to the infected tissue [2,11]. Then, the virus is attacked by the first line of defense (innate response) which is constituted by neutrophils and macrophages [1,2,11] (Figure 1).…”

Section: The Function Of Essential Elements In the Immune Activity Ag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viruses are small particles composed of genetic material (RNA or DNA) surrounded by a layer of proteins or lipids that replicate rapidly after infection in the host [1,2]. SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2), responsible for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has become the deadliest virus in the last two years, causing more than six million deaths (data up to October 2022) worldwide [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2), responsible for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has become the deadliest virus in the last two years, causing more than six million deaths (data up to October 2022) worldwide [3]. Unlike other viral infections, SARS-CoV-2, originating in Wuhan (China), presents a systemic infection, affecting different parts of the body, including the respiratory tract, hematological, gastrointestinal, and neurological [2,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Essential elements as critical players against SARS-CoV-2 activity

Jesus¹

2022

JIOMICS

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Background: SARS-CoV-2 virus is currently one of the main causes of death worldwide. Several studies have suggested that various trace elements play a vital role in the immune activity during viral infection, being an important tool to understand the SARS-CoV-2 infection and its systemic behavior, which affects different organs. Purpose: To summarize recent studies that report the effect of trace elements on the immune system and their role in fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection, presenting potential biochemical routes. Method: The main databases (ScienceDirect®, Scopus®, PubMed®) were consulted to search for works published up to October 2022, focusing on the role of trace elements in the immune activity against viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: Many elements can act both in the activation of the host’s immune activity and in the survival of the virus since these processes occur with the participation of essential metals to guarantee the integrity of their functions. However, the relationship between trace elements and viral infection is complex, and requires further studies, mainly, focusing on the systemic behavior of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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“…Interestingly common symptoms of COVID-19 such as cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, and myalgia significantly improved under boron therapy [11] . The potential role of metallomics in the identification of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, the understanding of the disease and the development of new treatment strategies was discussed [12] as well as the potential impact of nano-assays for virus detection and the mechanism and inhibitory effects of various nanoparticles against SARS-COV-2 [13] .…”

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confidence: 99%