Trace metal concentrations and their transfer from sediment to leaves of four common aquatic macrophytes

Abstract

In the present study, the concentrations of trace and alkali metals in leaves of four common helophytes, Sparganium erectum, Glyceria maxima, Phalaris arundinacea, and Phragmites australis, as well as in corresponding water and bottom sediments were investigated to ascertain plant bioaccumulation ability. Results showed that Mn and Fe were the most abundant trace metals in all plant species, while Co and Pb contents were the lowest. Leaves of species studied differed significantly in respect of element concentrations. The highest concentrations of Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Ni were noted in S. erectum while the highest contents of Co, Ca, Zn, and Cr in Phalaris arundinacea. Phragmites australis contained the lowest amounts of most elements. Concentrations of Co, Cr, Fe, and Mn in all species studied and Ni in all except for Phragmites australis were higher than natural for hydrophytes. The leaves/sediment ratio was more than unity for all alkali metals as well as for Cu and Mn in Phragmites australis; Cr, Co, and Zn in Phalaris arundinacea; Cr and Mn in S. erectum; and Cr in G. maxima. High enrichment factors and high levels of toxic metals in the species studied indicated a special ability of these plants to absorb and store certain non-essential metals and, consequently, their potential for phytoremediation of contaminated aquatic ecosystems.

Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) as a promising energy crop

“…RCG could be used for phytoremediation in terrestrial and aquatic environments (e.g. Lojko et al, 2015) and black wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris L., 310.6 mg/g DM). At RCG, the hyperaccumulation in this study was predicted for nickel and manganese (here even high).…”

Accumulation of Chemical Elements by Organs of Sparganium Erectum L. And Their Potential Use in Phytoremediation Process

“…In the case of the level of BCF<10, they are difficult to characterize since both bottom sediments and inflow pollutants can constitute the source of chemical elements [Chiarenzelli et al 2001]. Different patterns in the accumulation of chemical elements between plants organs and bottom sediments were found in many studies [Bose et al 2008, Sasmaz et al 2009, Zang et al 2009, Qian et al 2012, Łojko et al 2015. The translocation factor (TF) generally showed the mobility of chemical elements from roots to rhizomes and from rhizomes to leaves.…”

Metal phytosorption potential of Hydrocotyle ranunculoides for mitigation of water pollution in high Andean wetlands of Peru

“…The accumulation of metals by macrophytes is affected by the concentrations of metals in water and sediments and by the speciation of metals such as free ions and humic complexes (Kramer, 2010). Aquatic macrophytes are predominant organisms in lake ecosystems that, in comparison with other plant species, can absorb metals through their roots as well as through their leaves (Twardowska and Kyziol, 2003;Lojko et al,2015). Hydrocotyle ranunculoides, as well as the cattail (Scirpus californicus) in the study area, serves as animal feed.…”