“…Multifunctional self-assembled nanostructures such as micelles and vesicles formed by block polymers that contain both fluorescent and therapeutic agents are important for applications such as imaging-guided therapy or so-called theranostics [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. One of the conventional approaches to this end is to encapsulate organic fluorophores and therapeutic agents such as anticancer drugs into the same or different compartments of block copolymer self-assemblies [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. Challenges that these approaches often face, however, include aggregation-caused fluorescence quenching, photobleaching of organic chromophores, and leaching of the organic chromophores from the polymer matrices.…”