Tracer tests in geothermal resource management

Axelsson, Guðni

doi:10.1051/epjconf/20135002001

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For conservative tracer, if transversal and depth variations can be neglected then tracer distribution in longitudinal direction as a function of time analytically can be written as [8,[12][13][14]:…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, tracers can be divided in to 3 types, i.e., chemical, dyes, and radioactive tracers [8][9]. The tracer types will be chosen based on several factors such as availability of the tracers, the cost of the tracers, equipment availability, regulation, estimated flow rate to be measured, effect on the environment and human health, and the location of the study.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Average Tracer Concentration Approach for Flow Rate Measurement and Field Calibration

2016

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:Tracer method Flow rate Open channel flow Tritium Rhodamine WT Tracer method is one of the methods available for open channel flow rate measurements such as in irrigation canals. Average tracer concentration approach is an instantaneous injection method that based on the average tracer concentrations value at the sampling point. If the procedures are correct and scientific considerations are justified, tracer method will give relatively high accuracy of measurements. The accuracy of the average tracer concentration approach has been assessed both in laboratory and field. The results of accuracy tests of open channel flow that has been conducted at the Center for Application Isotopes and Radiation Laboratory-BATAN showed that the accuracy level of average concentrations approach method was higher than 90% compared to the true value (volumetric flow rate). The accuracy of average tracer concentration approach was also assessed during the application of the method to measure flow rate of Mrican irrigation canals as an effort to perform field calibration of existing weirs. Both average tracer concentration approach and weirs can predict the trend of the flow correctly. However, it was observed that flow discrepancies between weirs measurement and average tracer concentration approach predictions were as high as 27%. The discrepancies might be due to the downgrading performances of the weirs because of previous floods and high sediment contents of the flow.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Average Tracer Concentration Approach for Flow Rate Measurement and Field Calibration

2016

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“…Reinjection could increase steam production, although it should be done precisely with respect to amount of water and the choice of well reinjection location (Axelsson, 2002). More than 50 geothermal fields in the world applied tracer technique and radiotracer technique as one of the dominant methods.…”

Section: Isotope Geohemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tritium radiotracer test was undertaken on the KMJ 15 reinjection well to determine well interconnection, mass recovery and the related influence on the reservoir performance, primarily the reservoir cooling. As a reference, the Kamojang field has been subjected to various detailed investigations covering exploration, geology, geophysics and geochemistry and also some of the reservoir potential investigation undertaken by local and foreign consultants [1] (Satyajit, et al, 1999). Those works have provided a considerable database that can be integrated with the present work in a comprehensive study to be aimed on formulation of steam field management for the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geothermal Reservoir Characterization for Steam Field Management in Kamojang Geothermal Field-West Java

2011

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GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION FOR STEAM FIELD MANAGEMENT IN KAMOJANG GEOTHERMAL FIELD-WEST JAVA.Kamojang is the first geothermal field in Indonesia with a vapor dominated system reservoir. Kamojang has been exploited for over 20 years producing about 1100 tons/hour of steam which is equivalent to 140 Mwe electricity energy. This research is aimed to study the reservoir character after 20 years of exploitation and to investigate the effect of reinjection as a artificial recharge for steam input in the future and also the nature of secondary processes in the reservoir using isotope geochemistry tools.The research is conducted by natural isotopes ( 18 O, 2 H and 3 H) analysis of many sources of water (meteoric, cold spring, fumaroles and shallow groundwater) in the surrounding of Kamojang field and also fluid reservoir to establish fluid reservoir origins and isotopic composition. Gas analysis and isotopes monitoring on the 25 production wells have been conducted every 2-3 years intervals for more than 10 years to investigate the effect of exploitation to the reservoir performance. Tritium radiotracer test with 370 GBq (10 Ci) activity was conducted at the KMJ 15 reinjection well to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the flow of reinjection water to its surrounding producing well (KMJ 11, 14, 17, 18, 26, 17 and 30). Data interpretation and evaluation to determine reinjection water mass recovery and cooling prediction modeling were conducted using ICEBOX program package (TRINV and TRCOOL).Interpretation and evaluation of data concluded that reservoir fluid of Kamojang geothermal field was originated from meteoric water which infiltrated through fault structures at elevation of 1350 m -1650 m above sea level. There is no evidence that the fluid was originated from magmatic water. Reservoir fluid moved both laterally and vertically (deep fluid) with lateral fluid movement from west to the east. The isotope data analysis indicated there is water entry in west-northwest reservoir boundary. Water entry gradually moved from northwest to the southeast (through wells of KMJ 42, 40, 27, 26 and 28). Exploitation effect to ten of the observation wells shows a decrease in w/r ratio and liquid saturation from 35 % in the beginning to about 20,5 % on the average after 20 years of operation. Evaluation with TRINV and TRCOOL program shows that 13,5 % of water reinjected into KMJ 15 reinjection well was recovered in the surrounding production wells. The program model of the reservoir temperature cooling shows that water reinjection with flow rate of 10 kg/sec is very save. After 20 years of reinjection activity, the model predicts a production wells will be cooling of about 6.8 o C.

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“…In conventional geothermal development, tracer testing can provide information on the flow-paths between reinjection and production wells, helping to predict the danger and rate of cooling during long-term reinjection [1]. It has been widely used and proved to be an important tool in studying the impact of reinjection in the reservoir [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Prediction of Tracer Tests in Dongli Lake Area in Tianjin, China

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

JOCET

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The Jxw geothermal reservoir in the Dongli Lake area is an extensive, low temperature geothermal system hosted mainly by Mesoproterozoic dolomitic limestones. In order to study the flow paths and predict the recovery time and tracer concentration in the production well, a numerical method using Visual MODFLOW software were applied. For the most pessimistic case (longitudinal dispersivity equals to 383.5 m), the tracer will take more than a year to arrive at the production well, with concentration values outside of the detection limit. Results show that there is no direct connection between production and injection wells.

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Tracer tests in geothermal resource management

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of Average Tracer Concentration Approach for Flow Rate Measurement and Field Calibration

Assessment of Average Tracer Concentration Approach for Flow Rate Measurement and Field Calibration

Geothermal Reservoir Characterization for Steam Field Management in Kamojang Geothermal Field-West Java

Modeling and Prediction of Tracer Tests in Dongli Lake Area in Tianjin, China

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