Tracking the Evolution of the Internet of Things Concept Across Different Application Domains

Abstract

Both the idea and technology for connecting sensors and actuators to a network to remotely monitor and control physical systems have been known for many years and developed accordingly. However, a little more than a decade ago the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) was coined and used to integrate such approaches into a common framework. Technology has been constantly evolving and so has the concept of the Internet of Things, incorporating new terminology appropriate to technological advances and different application domains. This paper presents the changes that the IoT has undertaken since its conception and research on how technological advances have shaped it and fostered the arising of derived names suitable to specific domains. A two-step literature review through major publishers and indexing databases was conducted; first by searching for proposals on the Internet of Things concept and analyzing them to find similarities, differences, and technological features that allow us to create a timeline showing its development; in the second step the most mentioned names given to the IoT for specific domains, as well as closely related concepts were identified and briefly analyzed. The study confirms the claim that a consensus on the IoT definition has not yet been reached, as enabling technology keeps evolving and new application domains are being proposed. However, recent changes have been relatively moderated, and its variations on application domains are clearly differentiated, with data and data technologies playing an important role in the IoT landscape.

Perceptions and Intentions of Adopting the Internet of Things by Generation Z

“…It is estimated that by 2020 the number of connected devices will amount to 50 billion, changing business and life as we know (DuBravac & Ratti, 2015;Kranz, 2016). Some of the most prominent domains for IoT applications are intelligent devices, industry 4.0, intelligent homes, wearables, independent living, intelligent cities, automotive, aerospace and aviation, health and medicine, pharmaceuticals, supply chain and logistics management, retail, agriculture and livestock, media and entertainment (Bandyopadhyay & Sen, 2011;Ibarra-Esquer, González-Navarro, Flores-Rios, Burtseva, & Astorga-Vargas, 2017;Jindal, Jamar, & Churi, 2018;Tiwary et al, 2018;Vermesan et al, 2013;Wortmann & Flüchter, 2015). Generation Z comprises individuals born after 1996 (Fromm & Read, 2018;Lanier, 2017) these youngsters spent their lives surrounded by devices characteristic of the digital era, such as mobile phones, tablets, computers, and video game consoles.…”

Seamless connectivity architecture and methods for IoT and wearable devices

“…Understanding the history and forces driving the evolution of IoT can help to better understand possible directions in which wearable and IoT devices, and how to make them more user centric, will evolve. A analysis carried out by Ibarra-Esquer et al [9] on tracking the evolution of the IoT concept across different application domains identifies two trends in the description what IoT is; extension to the existing Internet and evolution of the Internet. Although definitions may appear as diverging, authors conclude that they usually encompass the same five elements: networking, services, communications, data and things.…”

Information technologies of 21st century and their impact on the society

“…Then we saw a chain of web 2.0 technologies like E-commerce, which started, social media platforms, E-Business, E-Learning, E-government, Cloud Computing and more from 1995 to the early 21st century [4]. Now we have a large number of internet based technologies which have uncountable applications in many domains including business, science and engineering, and healthcare [5]. The impact of these technologies on our personal lives is such that we are compelled to adopt many of them whether we like it or not.…”