In the era of economic globalization, the US and China are the two largest economies in the world and play leading roles in the allocation of global resources. However, under the guidance of the “America First” principle, its economic policies have involved the domestic manufacturing backflow and international trade protectionism, which has led to the rise of “unilateralism” and “local protectionism”. These have caused Chinese labor-intensive industries, which leverage the comparative advantages of Chinese economy, to have fallen into development dilemma. From economic comparative advantage perspective, this paper analyzes the importance of labor-intensive industries in Chinese economic transformations, weighs the “dilemmas” and “opportunities” of these industries under the influential trade protection policies, and considers adjusting their factor endowments like personnels and capitals. To matain vitality and promote industrial upgradings, the financial and talents-educational policies of the market and government should seek sustainable strategies to guide this type of industry. The financial support emphasizes on survivals, while talents education focuses on long-term international competence.