«trade Terms» Effect on the Ukrainian Payment Balance State

Abstract

The «trade terms» effect as one of the main factors which causes the loss of Ukraine's income from foreign trade is considered in the research paper. Quantitative assessment calculation of the Ukrainian economy losses gives rather obvious idea of the «trade terms» deterioration and export purchasing power decreasing; namely, it outlines the scale of the Ukrainian economy losses from foreign economic relations. For a long period of time, starting from the beginning of the 2010s, there was the tendency in the world market for outstripping growth in prices for imported by Ukraine finished products compared to the prices of the most of its exported raw materials. So, the annual weight average exported goods price increase for 2015-2019 is 2,7%, while for similar products it is 11,0%. The unstable situation in the trading partner countries led to significant export prices' decreasing, which had adverse effect on the export's dynamics. As a result, the «trade terms» have sharply worsened over the years. The amounts of economic losses from the price factor for 2015-2019 are established in the economy as a whole, they are from 74,7% to 202,6% of the goods balance. The outstripping import prices' growth, which reflects the foreign trade conditions deterioration, creates the opportunity to export more for the same volume of import paying. The adverse effects for Ukraine from participation in the international labor division and exchange are evident in the relative slump in raw materials goods prices, «trade terms» deterioration and they are observed with some deviations during the past decades. Residents' financial losses are especially significant under the main export goods-cereals and metallurgy products trading. The accelerated export development and the corresponding export quota increasing are primarily associated with the need to compensate the payments increasing for import of fuel, energy and consumer goods. The necessity of reducing state financial support to traditional sectors which have lost their comparative advantage is substantiated for promising sectors which provide the opportunity of the national economy competitiveness increasing.