Traffic-related Exposures, Airway Function, Inflammation, and Respiratory Symptoms in Children

Holguín, Fernando; Flores, Sara María Lara; Ross, Zev; Cortez, Marlene; Molina, Mario; Molina, Luisa T.; Rincón, Carlos; Jerrett, Michael; Berhane, Kiros; Granados, Alfredo; Romieu, Isabelle

doi:10.1164/rccm.200611-1616oc

Cited by 118 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…FE NO has been related to the exposure to particles, NO 2 and ozone, measured either by personal or by ambient monitors in panel studies of children with asthma and in healthy children (6,28,29). Moreover, FE NO levels have been found to be elevated in the children living in areas characterized by high traffic exposure (30,31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma Symptoms, Lung Function, and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Children Exposed to Oil Refinery Pollution

et al. 2010

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Objectives. Little is known about the effects of exposure to petroleum refinery emissions on respiratory health in children. We evaluated lung function and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents with and without asthma or wheezing symptoms living in a petrochemical polluted area (Sarroch, Sardinia) versus a reference area (Burcei). Methods. Parents of 275/300 6-to 14-year-old children living in Sarroch and parents of 214/323 children living in Burcei answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and risk factors. Measurements of forced expiratory volume after 1 second (FEV 1 ) and of forced expiratory flow rates at 25-75% of vital capacity ) were available in 27 and 23 asthma/wheezing-positive subjects and in 7 and 54 asthma/wheezing-negative subjects in Sarroch and in Burcei, respectively; for fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO ) corresponding figures were 27 and 24 and 8 and 55 in Sarroch and in Burcei, respectively. Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine (MDA-dG) adduct levels in nasal mucosa were measured in 12-to 14-year-old adolescents (8 and 14 asthma/wheezing-positive and 20 and 28 asthma/wheezing-negative subjects in Sarroch and in Burcei, respectively). Air pollutants were assessed during 3 weeks, starting 1 week before lung function, FE NO , and MDA-dG measurements. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the effect of the area of residence adjusting for confounders. Results. Weekly average concentrations of sulfur dioxide were 6.9-61.6 µg/m 3 in Sarroch versus 0.3-7.6 µg/m 3 in the rural area of Burcei; of nitrogen dioxide, 5.2-28.7 µg/m 3 versus 1.7-5.3 µg/m 3 ; and of benzene, 1.8-9.0 µg/m 3 versus 1.3-1.5 µg/m 3 , respectively. Children living in Sarroch versus children living in the reference area showed an increase in wheezing symptoms {adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.70 [90% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01; 2.86]}; a decrease in lung function [variation in FEV 1 = −10.3% (90% CI = −15.0; −6.0%) and in FEF 25-75 = −12.9% (90% CI = −20.7; −4.3%)]; an increase in bronchial inflammation [variation in FE NO = +35% (90% CI = 11.7; 80.1%)]; and an increase in MDA-dG adducts of +83% (90% CI = 22.9; 174.1%). Conclusions. Data from this small study are consistent with the role of environmental pollutants on lung function and inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma Symptoms, Lung Function, and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Children Exposed to Oil Refinery Pollution

et al. 2010

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“…Since asthma exacerbations are associated with bronchoconstriction, monitoring of lung function is a means of assessing the course of the disease. There is substantial evidence that lung function in asthmatic children is decreased by exposure to air pollution [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], whereas fewer studies are available in adult asthmatics [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], and the results are often controversial [16, 19-22, 24, 25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it has been established that forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) is an independent predictor of respiratory and cardiovascular mortality [26], this parameter has been investigated less as regards its relationship with air pollutants [11,12,14,22,24]. Moreover, most studies have focused on the relation between lung function and PM [11-17, 21, 22], although several further gases may be involved in the adverse effects of air pollution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide pollution is associated with decreased lung function in asthmatic adults

Canova¹,

Torresan²,

Simonato³

et al. 2009

Eur Respir J

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The aim of the present study was to test the effects of exposure to air pollutants on lung function.A panel of 19 adult asthmatics living in Padua (Italy) was followed for five 30-day periods during 2 yrs consecutively (1,492 morning and 1,434 evening measures analysed). Peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were measured using a pocket electronic meter. Daily levels of air pollutants and meteorological variables were collected at outdoor city monitoring sites.Significant inverse associations were observed between morning and evening PEF and carbon monoxide level (p50.01-0.03), without clear differences between lags (0-3 days). An increment of 1 mg?m -3 CO was associated with a PEF variation ranging -2.6--2.8%. All effect estimates on PEF for CO remained significant and even increased after controlling for particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 10 mm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide in single and multipollutant models. A similar trend was observed for FEV1, but the associations were nonsignificant. A nonsignificant inverse relationship between evening PEF and SO 2 was also detected. PEF and FEV1 were not related to PM10 and NO 2 concentrations. The present results indicate that, in this panel of adult asthmatics, the worsening of lung function is associated with exposure to gaseous pollutants and occurs at levels of CO and SO 2 lower than current European standards.

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“…The literature on asthma symptoms associated with long term-exposure to air pollution is very extensive, suggesting also a chronic effect of air pollution in asthma expression in both children 35,36 and adults [37][38][39] .…”

Section: Asthma Exacerbationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and Air Pollution. Where Are We?

Jacquemin¹,

Sunyer²

2015

BRN

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REVIEW ARTICLE BRN Reviews PERMANYERwww.permanyer.com www.brn.cat BRN Rev. 2015;1:78-91 ABSTRACT Asthma incidence and prevalence have increased in the last decades, suggesting a role of environmental factors including air pollution. In this manuscript, we summarize the evidence of the role of air pollution on (i) asthma exacerbations, (ii) asthma incidence in children, and (iii) asthma incidence in adults, pointing out the most important publications in each of these three areas. There is solid evidence that air pollution causes asthma exacerbations, characterized by hospital admissions, emergency department or doctor's visits, medication intake, or absenteeism. The evidence regarding the effect of long-term air pollution exposure on asthma onset is also quite robust. In children, many studies have associated air pollution or proximity to traffic with asthma incidence, and while there are some negative publications, the evidence for an association is appealing. In adults, several studies also point to a positive association between air pollution and asthma incidence. Furthermore, there is a lot of knowledge about the mechanisms of the different agents involved. Gases, that are oxidants, could be more associated with acute manifestations of the disease and particles, more related with chronic inflammation, could be more associated with incidence. Diesel particles have been associated with both exacerbations and incidence. However, research is still needed to better understand and identify the underlying mechanisms related to the specific pollutants and specific sources. More research is also needed to identify more susceptible groups such as males, non-smokers, or persons with another chronic condition such as atopy or obesity. Corresponding author: Bénédicte Jacquemin, bjacquemin@creal.cat

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Traffic-related Exposures, Airway Function, Inflammation, and Respiratory Symptoms in Children

Abstract: Vehicular traffic exposures are associated with increased levels of exhaled NO and reduced lung volumes in children with asthma.

Cited by 118 publications

References 33 publications

Asthma Symptoms, Lung Function, and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Children Exposed to Oil Refinery Pollution

Asthma Symptoms, Lung Function, and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Children Exposed to Oil Refinery Pollution

Carbon monoxide pollution is associated with decreased lung function in asthmatic adults

Asthma and Air Pollution. Where Are We?

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