Transcoronary transplantation of autologous mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitors into infarcted human myocardium

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate whether a combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) capable of differentiating into cardiac myocytes and endothelial progenitors (EPCs) that mainly promote neoangiogenesis might be able to facilitate tissue repair in myocardial scars. Previous studies have shown that intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow stem cells results in improvement of contractility in infracted areas of human myocardium. Eleven patients with an anteroseptal myocardial infarction (MI) underwent transcoronary transplantation of bone marrow-derived MSCs and EPCs to the infarcted area through the left anterior descending artery. Eleven age- and sex-matched patients served as controls. Wall motion score index was significantly lower at follow-up in the transplantation (P = 0.04) but not in the control group. On stress echocardiography, there was improvement of myocardial contractility in one or more previously nonviable myocardial segments in 5 out of 11 patients (all with recent infarctions) and in none of the controls (P = 0.01). Restoration of uptake of Tc(99m) sestamibi in one or more previously nonviable myocardial scars was seen in 6 out of 11 patients subjected to transplantation and in none of the controls (P = 0.02). Cell transplantation was an independent predictor of improvement of nonviable tissue. Intracoronary transplantation of MSCs and EPCs is feasible, safe, and may contribute to regional regeneration of myocardial tissue early or late following MI.

Treatment of metastatic neuroblastoma with systemic oncolytic virotherapy delivered by autologous mesenchymal stem cells: an exploratory study

“…MSCs have been already used in clinical trials or pilot studies and single cases [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] for several human diseases: osteogenesis Systemic delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses J García-Castro et al imperfecta, multiple sclerosis, acute myocardial infarctation, graft versus host disease and others. MSCs were directly implanted or IV infused, with good tolerance.…”

From bench to bedside, work in cell-based myocardial regeneration therapy

“…Two studies reported the induction of both angiogenesis and myogenesis in the failing heart by the combined transplantation of angiogenesis-and myogenesis-inducing cells. A combination cell therapy using MSCs capable of differentiating into cardiomyocytes and EPCs that induce angiogenesis applied through intracoronary transplantation improved the regional systolic performance and regional blood perfusion but did not improve the global systolic function [64]. This result was disappointing, because this study aimed to induce both myogenesis and angiogenesis.…”

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in heart disease

“…In 2005, Katritsis et al 18 presented the results of transplanting autologous MSCs and endothelial progenitor cells in eleven MI patients. There were no adverse effects related to the therapy and left ventricular function improved, while myocardial scarring assessed by scintigraphy was reduced.…”