Transcriptional regulation by the Sp family proteins

AML-1, PU.1, and Sp3 regulate expression of human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein

“…5). Sp1 and Sp3 are ubiquitously expressed transcription factors (reviewed in [42]). Sp1 is involved in the regulation of both azurophil granule proteins, e.g., elastase [43] and specific granule proteins e.g., lactoferrin, CD18 [44,45].…”

“…Since AML-1b alone was incapable of activating the transcription of BPI after transient transfection to HeLa-cells (Fig. 10) that express high levels of Sp1 and Sp3 [42], it is likely that the activity of AML-1b depends on cooperation with additional transcription factors. However, no additive effects were seen upon activation, using different combinations of AML-1 and C/EBPa or C/EBPe (data not shown).…”

“…Overexpression of Sp1 and Sp3 in HeLa cells was not performed, since HeLa cells express high levels of these factors [42]. Sp1 is often involved in the regulation of promoters that lack a TATA-box, [48] a characteristic sign of several promoters for neutrophil granule proteins (reviewed in [49]).…”

Sp1 and Sp3 Are Oxidative Stress-Inducible, Antideath Transcription Factors in Cortical Neurons

“…Sp1 is a member of an extended family of DNA-binding proteins that have three zinc finger motifs and bind to guanosine-and cytosine-rich DNA (Briggs et al, 1986;Lania et al, 1997;Suske, 1999;Yang et al, 2000). This family includes members homologous to Sp1, such as Sp2-Sp4.…”

Mouse BTEB3, a new member of the basic transcription element binding protein (BTEB) family, activates expression from GC-rich minimal promoter regions

“…These sequences bind members of the zinc-finger family of transcription factors, and binding of these factors is required for maximal promoter activity [1][2][3][4]. The number of GC boxes and their spatial arrangement varies significantly between promoters.…”