Transcriptome analyses of liver in newly-hatched chicks during the metabolic perturbation of fasting and re-feeding reveals THRSPA as the key lipogenic transcription factor

Abstract

Background: The fasting-refeeding perturbation has been used extensively to reveal specific genes and metabolic pathways that control energy metabolism in the chicken. Most global transcriptional scans of the fasting-refeeding response in liver have focused on juvenile chickens that were 1, 2 or 4 weeks old. The present study was aimed at the immediate post-hatch period, in which newly-hatched chicks were subjected to fasting for 4, 24 or 48 h, then refed for 4, 24 or 48 h, and compared with a fully-fed control group at each age (D1-D4). Results: Visual analysis of hepatic gene expression profiles using hierarchical and K-means clustering showed two distinct patterns, genes with higher expression during fasting and depressed expression upon refeeding and those with an opposing pattern of expression, which exhibit very low expression during fasting and more abundant expression with refeeding. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs), identified from five prominent pair-wise contrasts of fed, fasted and refed conditions, were subjected to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. This enabled mapping of analysis-ready (AR)-DEGs to canonical and metabolic pathways controlled by distinct gene interaction networks. The largest number of hepatic DEGs was identified by two contrasts: D2FED48h/D2FAST48h (968 genes) and D2FAST48h/D3REFED24h (1198 genes). The major genes acutely depressed by fasting and elevated upon refeeding included ANGTPL, ATPCL, DIO2, FASN, ME1, SCD, PPARG, SREBP2 and THRSPA-a primary lipogenic transcription factor. In contrast, major lipolytic genes were up-regulated by fasting or down-regulated after refeeding, including ALDOB,

Effect of Fasting on the Spexin System in Broiler Chickens

“…The starvation process is also associated with the stimulation of metabolic processes related to the release of stored energy substances, e.g., in the form of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), which result from the intensification of lipolytic processes as well as activation of genes involved in lipid metabolism in fat tissue and liver [ 26 , 27 ]. PDK4 is considered to be involved in re-esterification of fatty acid derived from lipolysis during fasting.…”

Exploring the Role of TRIP-Brs in Human Breast Cancer: An Investigation of Expression, Clinicopathological Significance, and Prognosis

“… 19 In contrast, TRIP-Br-2 significantly regulates fat metabolism by governing the β3-adrenergic receptor and hormone-sensitive lipase. Parallelly, Cogburn and his team 20 reported that TRIP-Br-2 was significantly involved as a lipogenic transcription factor in a newly hatched embryo during the metabolic stress or fasting. It was well reported by Cheong et al.…”

Drugs Interfering with Insulin Resistance and Their Influence on the Associated Hypermetabolic State in Severe Burns: A Narrative Review

“…Its transcription is induced by thyroid hormones (and other factors: glucose, insulin) and inhibited by glucagon and conjugated linoleic acid [106]. It has been identified in the liver, adipose tissue, and mammary glands [107,108], and it controls the expression of lipogenic genes [109][110][111].…”