Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Plasmodiophora brassicae during Early Infection

Abstract

Clubroot disease is a serious threat to cruciferous plants worldwide, especially to oilseed rape. However, knowledge on pathogenic molecular mechanisms and host interaction is limited. We presume that the recognition between Arabidopsis thaliana and Plasmodiophora brassicae occurs at the early stage of infection and within a relatively short period. In this study, we demonstrated changes on gene expression and pathways in A. thaliana during early infection with P. brassicae using transcriptome analysis. We identified 1,903 and 1,359 DEGs at 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), respectively. Flavonoids and the lignin synthesis pathways were enhanced, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and proanthocyanidins accumulated and many hormonal- and receptor-kinase related genes were expressed, caused by P. brassicae infection during its early phase. Therefore, the early interaction between A. thaliana and P. brassicae plays an important role in the entire infection process. The results provide a new contribution to a better understanding of the interaction between host plants and P. brassicae, as well as the development of future measures for the prevention of clubroot.

Comparative analysis of sugarcane root transcriptome in response to the plant growth-promoting Burkholderia anthina MYSP113

“…Transcriptome sequencing can provide information regarding the gene content of a species and can complement genome sequencing approaches [21]. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) has been applied as a tool for transcriptome analysis in many species, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, [22], Brassica spp. [23], rice [24], maize [25], and sugarcane [21].…”

Comparison transcriptome analysis revealed resistance differences of Cavendish bananas to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race1 and race4

“…El Modafar and El Boustani [43] suggested that lignin contents are associated with the date palm resistance to F. oxysporum. Lignin accumulation regulates the resistance of Arabidopsis to P. brassicae [37]. Our results showed that lignin began to accumulate at the early infection stage to enhance resistance to Foc, suggesting that the lignin biosynthesis may be a crucial component of 'Brazilian' defense difference in response to Foc1 and Foc4 infection.…”

“…Flavonoids, a group of secondary metabolites, play a significant role in plant defense against pathogens [35]. Siemens et al [36] and Zhao et al [37] indicated that numerous genes involved in flavonoid pathway were enhanced expression in Arabidopsis after infection with P.brassicae, as a consequence, the content of flavonoid was accumulated in clubroot galls of Arabidopsis. Only two CHS genes and a LDOX gene involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were up-regulated in the roots of the resistant banana variety 'Guijiao 9' during incompatible banana-Foc4 interaction (Sun et al, 2019).…”

“…Hypersensitive cell death can help plants successfully resist the infection of biotrophic pathogens, while necrotrophic pathogens have been reported to utilize dead tissues and resist the hypersensitive responses of plant [44]. Zhao et al [37] revealed that hormone signaling could trigger a hypersensitive response in plants. In this study, five genes related to plant hypersensitive responses were also changed significantly at 48 h after Foc1 infection but not affected after Foc4 infection (Additional file 1: Table S4).…”

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Pathways and Hub Genes in Rapeseed During the Early Stage of Plasmodiophora brassicae Infection

“…In recent years, some researchers put forward that the early infection also played an important role. Both Arabidopsis and Chinese cabbage were carried out the study on the mechanisms of early infection (Chen et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2017), which showed that part of pathways or proteins identified in the middle or late phase also could be detected in the early infection stage. In this study, we investigated the response of B. napus accessions with different resistance levels at the early stage of P. brassicae infection, which could provide more information about the mechanisms of early infection of Brassica crops to P. brassicae.…”