Transcriptome Analysis Suggests That Chromosome Introgression Fragments from Sea Island Cotton (Gossypium barbadense) Increase Fiber Strength in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Abstract

As high-strength cotton fibers are critical components of high quality cotton, developing cotton cultivars with high-strength fibers as well as high yield is a top priority for cotton development. Recently, chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) have been developed from high-yield Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) crossed with high-quality Sea Island cotton (G. barbadense). Here, we constructed a CSSL population by crossing CCRI45, a high-yield Upland cotton cultivar, with Hai1, a Sea Island cotton cultivar with superior fiber quality. We then selected two CSSLs with significantly higher fiber strength than CCRI45 (MBI7747 and MBI7561), and one CSSL with lower fiber strength than CCRI45 (MBI7285), for further analysis. We sequenced all four transcriptomes at four different time points postanthesis, and clustered the 44,678 identified genes by function. We identified 2200 common differentially-expressed genes (DEGs): those that were found in both high quality CSSLs (MBI7747 and MBI7561), but not in the low quality CSSL (MBI7285). Many of these genes were associated with various metabolic pathways that affect fiber strength. Upregulated DEGs were associated with polysaccharide metabolic regulation, single-organism localization, cell wall organization, and biogenesis, while the downregulated DEGs were associated with microtubule regulation, the cellular response to stress, and the cell cycle. Further analyses indicated that three genes, XLOC_036333 [mannosyl-oligosaccharide-α-mannosidase (MNS1)], XLOC_029945 (FLA8), and XLOC_075372 (snakin-1), were potentially important for the regulation of cotton fiber strength. Our results suggest that these genes may be good candidates for future investigation of the molecular mechanisms of fiber strength formation and for the improvement of cotton fiber quality through molecular breeding.

Transcriptomic and biochemical analysis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and a chromosome segment substitution line from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense in response to Verticillium dahliae infection

“…During the process of plant growth and development, some phenylpropanoid metabolites differentially accumulate in particular cells or tissues, such as the lignins deposited in the xylem tissue and vascular bundles and the flavonoids concentrated in the vacuolar and wall compartments, which has been reported to play important roles in plant defense [49, 50]. The expression profiles of key enzyme genes involved in lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis were evaluated in this study (Fig.…”

QTL mapping and genetic effect of chromosome segment substitution lines with excellent fiber quality from Gossypium hirsutum × Gossypium barbadense

“…The complex genetic background in most populations makes it difficult to estimate the positions and effects of QTL. There are a few differences between CSSLs and recurrent parents, which is favorable for QTL mapping, genetic effect identification and gene cloning (Wang et al 2016c;Lu et al 2017). Therefore, more attention has been paid to the development and utilization of CSSLs in genetic research, although CSSLs are time consuming and costly to construct (Wan et al 2008;Zhao et al 2009).…”

“…The first set of cotton CSSLs was developed with TM-1 as the recipient parent by Stelly et al (2005), and was used to analyze genetic effects, as well as genetic relationships for fiber quality and yield component traits with substitution of one chromosome (Stelly et al 2005). After this study, a series of studies were carried out on cotton CSSLs (Wang et al 2008, 2016cChen et al 2012Su et al 2014;Lu et al 2017). Yang et al (2009) detected 51 QTLs using 116 CSSLs originating from CCRI45 (G.h) and Hai1 (G.b).…”

Prospects for Molecular Breeding in Cotton,Gossypiumspp

“…The technique of isolating and characterizing the Spatio-temporal pool of mRNA to study the differential gene expression patterns between contrasting genotypes and understanding underlying alternative pathways for specific trait supremacy has been well implemented in cotton. Many characters have been targeted to find the key responsible genes and pathways, especially fiber initiation, and elongation being highly focused up on [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Other characters like Green and Brown colored cotton [69-71], Cadmium tolerance [72], Cold stress [73], Drought stress [74], Nematode resistance [75], Semigamy in Pima cotton [76], Whitefly mediated cotton leaf curl infection transcriptome [77], the transcriptome of Mepiquat chloride-induced compact types using in cotton [78] have also been done in cotton.…”