Transcriptome-Based WGCNA Analysis Reveals Regulated Metabolite Fluxes between Floral Color and Scent in Narcissus tazetta Flower

Abstract

A link between the scent and color of Narcissus tazetta flowers can be anticipated due to their biochemical origin, as well as their similar biological role. Despite the obvious aesthetic and ecological significance of these colorful and fragrant components of the flowers and the molecular profiles of their pigments, fragrant formation has addressed in some cases. However, the regulatory mechanism of the correlation of fragrant components and color patterns is less clear. We simultaneously used one way to address how floral color and fragrant formation in different tissues are generated during the development of an individual plant by transcriptome-based weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A spatiotemporal pattern variation of flavonols/carotenoids/chlorophyll pigmentation and benzenoid/phenylpropanoid/ monoterpene fragrant components between the tepal and corona in the flower tissues of Narcissus tazetta, was exhibited. Several candidate transcription factors: MYB12, MYB1, AP2-ERF, bZIP, NAC, MYB, C2C2, C2H2 and GRAS are shown to be associated with metabolite flux, the phenylpropanoid pathway to the production of flavonols/anthocyanin, as well as related to one branch of the phenylpropanoid pathway to the benzenoid/phenylpropanoid component in the tepal and the metabolite flux between the monoterpene and carotenoids biosynthesis pathway in coronas. It indicates that potential competition exists between floral pigment and floral fragrance during Narcissus tazetta individual plant development and evolutionary development.

Genome-Wide Identification of Petunia HSF Genes and Potential Function of PhHSF19 in Benzenoid/Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

“…In addition to their roles in stress responses [ 30 , 31 ], HSFs are also involved in plant development [ 6 , 32 ] and secondary mechanism [ 5 , 15 ]. Several HSFs in Narcissus tazetta are predicted to have an effect on flower scent emission [ 15 ].…”

“…In addition to their roles in stress responses [ 30 , 31 ], HSFs are also involved in plant development [ 6 , 32 ] and secondary mechanism [ 5 , 15 ]. Several HSFs in Narcissus tazetta are predicted to have an effect on flower scent emission [ 15 ]. HSF-binding elements HSE and/or STRE are present in the promoters of many benzenoid biosynthetic genes, which advances the hypothesis that HSFs probably play a vital part in the regulation of benzenoid/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and emissions in petunia.…”

“…What is more, in Narcissus tazetta , 10 members from HSF transcription factor family are highly expressed in corona at full-opening stage, when the emission of floral scent (mainly including phenethyl acetate and benzyl acetate) reaches a maximum. The transcriptome-based WGCNA analysis indicates that those HSFs are possibly involved in the regulation of biosynthesis and the emission of benzenoid/phenylpropanoid metabolites in Narcissus tazetta flowers [ 15 ]. Up until now, the regulation of HSFs regarding floral scent in other species has not been clear.…”

Integration of RNA-seq and ATAC-seq identifies muscle-regulated hub genes in cattle

“…Compared to focusing only on differentially expressed genes, WGCNA is able to use genome-wide information to obtain our gene sets of interest, which not only narrows the screening scope but also makes the analysis more accurate. This technique has been applied extensively to plants, humans, mice, poultry, and livestock (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41).…”

Response of Anthocyanin Accumulation in Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Fruit to Light Days

“…Anthocyanins are continuously synthesized throughout the development period of immature fruit of pepper, but which time point is the key period of anthocyanin synthesis and which gene plays a key role in this process still need to be elucidated [ 23 , 24 ]. By constructing a weighted correlation network analysis, we sought to identify the genes involved in early, middle, and late light response, and further analyzed the differential regulation of structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Our work identified the sequentially expressed light response genes, which will help us further clarify the mechanism of light-induced capsicum pericarp coloring and enrich our understanding of the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”