Transcriptomic analysis elucidates the molecular processes associated with hydrogen peroxide-induced diapause termination in Artemia-encysted embryos

Abstract

Treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) raises the hatching rate through the development and diapause termination of Artemia cysts. To comprehend the upstream genetic regulation of diapause termination activated by exterior H2O2 elements, an Illumina RNA-seq analysis was performed to recognize and assess comparative transcript amounts to explore the genetic regulation of H2O2 in starting the diapause termination of cysts in Artemia salina. We examined three groupings treated with no H2O2 (control), 180 μM H2O2 (low) and 1800 μM H2O2 (high). The results showed a total of 114,057 unigenes were identified, 41.22% of which were functionally annotated in at least one particular database. When compared to control group, 34 and 98 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated in 180 μM and 1800 μM H2O2 treatments, respectively. On the other hand, 162 and 30 DEGs were downregulated in the 180 μM and 1800 μM H2O2 treatments, respectively. Cluster analysis of DEGs demonstrated significant patterns among these types of 3 groups. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed the DEGs involved in the regulation of blood coagulation (GO: 0030193; GO: 0050818), regulation of wound healing (GO:0061041), regulation of hemostasis (GO: 1900046), antigen processing and presentation (KO04612), the Hippo signaling pathway (KO04391), as well as the MAPK signaling pathway (KO04010). This research helped to define the diapause-related transcriptomes of Artemia cysts using RNA-seq technology, which might fill up a gap in the prevailing body of knowledge.

Highly Diluted Glyphosate Mitigates Its Effects on Artemia salina: Physicochemical Implications

“…The result in this study mirrors the results previously described in nauplii exposed to mercuric chloride LC10 and treated with homeopathic potencies of mercuric chloride in a similar experimental model [8]. The effects seen in both studies involving nauplii reflect an adaptive characteristic of the species, in which cysts can be considered resistant forms [7,25,26]. Therefore, a lower hatching rate could be seen as a bio-resilience marker for homeopathic potencies.…”

“…Artemia salina is sensitive to several chemicals, such as phenolic compounds, nitrite, mercury [5], and organophosphate [6]. In a stressful environment, the cyst hatching is arrested, and the embryo remains in a quiescent state called diapause [7]. These features make Artemia salina a standard system for studying bio-resilience processes to environmental factors and, by extension, an excellent model for studying highly diluted (potentized) homeopathic preparations, whose main biological effects have been shown to facilitate resilience processes in different living systems [8,9].…”

Time-Series Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Profiles of Diapause Termination Induced by Long Photoperiods and High Temperature in Chilo suppressalis

“…Insulin-like peptides and its downstream FoxO signalling pathway increase trehalose anabolism and trigger diapause termination in Antheraea pernyi [ 37 ]. Hydrogen peroxide-induced diapause termination in Artemia cyst embryos showed that DEGs are involved in the Hippo- and MAPK signalling pathways [ 38 ]. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) (a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family) is activated during the egg diapause-terminating process in Locusta migratoria [ 39 ].…”

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“…On the other hand, the effects of succussed water on hatching were higher in the new moon, suggesting greater susceptibility of the cysts to oxidative processes in this phase. It is known that cysts are resistant forms of Artemia salina (MacRae, 2016;Tan and MacRae, 2018;Pinto et al 2021), which functions are controlled by molecular mechanisms related to oxidation-reduction processes (Chen et al 2021;Pecoraro et al 2021). In other crustacean species such as Litopenaeus vannamei, the total hemocyte counts (THC) and the production of superoxide anion (O 2 -) is higher in the new moon (Bautista-Covarrubias et al 2020).…”