Transcriptomic Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus Under the Stress Condition Caused by Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil via RNA Sequencing

Abstract

Litsea cubeba L. essential oil (LCEO) is a natural essential oil with considerable antimicrobial activity, and it can gradually replace some chemical additives in the food industry. However, the genetic evidences of stress response of bacteria under sub-lethal treatment with LCEO is limited. To this end, transcriptomic analysis of Staphylococcus aureus 29213 under a low concentration of LCEO was performed. Bacterial RNA samples were extracted from 1/4 MIC (0.07 µL/mL) of LCEO-treated and nontreated S. aureus 29213. The transcriptional results were obtained by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). After treated with LCEO of S. aureus 29213, 300, and 242 genes were significantly up and down-regulated. Up-regulated genes were mainly related to cell membrane (wall) stress stimulon including genes related to two-component regulatory system (VraS), histidine metabolism (hisABCD etc.) and L-lysine biosynthesis (thrA, lysC, asd etc.). Significant differences were also founded between LCEO-treated and nontreated groups in peptidoglycan biosynthesis related pathways. Down-regulated genes were related to nitrogen metabolism (NarGHIJ etc.), carotenoid biosynthesis (all) and pyruvate metabolism (phdA, pflB, pdhC etc.) of S. aureus 29213 in an LCEO-existing environment compared to the control. At the same time, we confirmed that LCEO can significantly affect the staphyloxanthin level of S. aureus 29213 for the first time, which is closely related to the redox state of S. aureus 29213. These evidences expanded the knowledge of stress response of S. aureus 29213 strain under sub-lethal concentration of LCEO.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Drug-Resistance Acinetobacter baumannii under the Stress Condition Caused by Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil via RNA Sequencing

“…However, we still believe that the overall trend was enhanced degradation and retarded biosynthesis of fatty acid. Because 1: in our previous work [ 19 ], LCEO caused a significant upregulation of genes related to fatty acid degradation in S . aureus ; 2: just a small proportion of genes were down-regulated in the fatty acid degradation pathway and up-regulated in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway.…”

“…In our previous work, through transcriptomics, we found that toxin production and a variety of metabolic pathways of Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) were significantly affected by LCEO [ 19 ]. The objective of the present work was to detect stress reactions of MDR A. baumannii under 1/2 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of LCEO using transcriptomics.…”

A Natural Antimicrobial Agent: Analysis of Antibacterial Effect and Mechanism of Compound Phenolic Acid on Escherichia coli Based on Tandem Mass Tag Proteomics

“…Lipids are degraded by fatty acid degradation to generate acetyl-CoA followed by β-oxidation in the cytoplasm by activation of prokaryotic fatty acids. β-oxidation is a cyclic reaction of dehydrogenation, hydration, dehydrogenation, and thiolysis until the acyl-CoA is completely cleaved to acetyl-CoA (Yunqiao Yang et al, 2020 ). After CPA 19 treatment, the expression of some key enzymes in the β-oxidation process was downregulated, and the downregulation of these key proteins resulted in the decrease of acetyl-CoA.…”

“…In recent years, more and more researchers have been devoted to the study of the inhibition of plant polyphenols because of their natural and broad antibacterial properties ( Yun-Seok et al, 2010 ; Sidhu et al, 2014 ; Yang et al, 2020 ). Phenolic acids are major plant metabolites, which occur in all parts of the plant: shells, leaves, seeds, fruits, and wood parts ( Efenberger et al, 2021 ).…”

The leaves of the seasoning plant Litsea cubeba inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

“…The fruit is the most widely used part of L. cubeba and has a variety of biological activities. L. cubeba fruit essential oil inhibited the growth of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii ( 6 , 7 ). L. cubeba fruit essential oil also inhibited the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-12 in bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and reduced contact hypersensitivity responses in mice ( 8 ).…”