Transferability of workload measurements between three different types of ergometer

Background: The high mechanical efficiency of the geared handcycle makes it suitable for elite athletes to train and even compete in races with able-bodied (recreational) cyclists. However, the actual exercise profile for endurance events has not been quantified. Objective: To guide future training regimes in a safe and effective process, the aim of this research was to quantify the workload, speed, cadence and heart rate parameters during 6000 km of training and within a 540 km ultra-long races. Methods: One spinal cord injured participant (lesion level Th4, ASIA B) handcycle (modified Shark S SopurFSunrisemedical, Malsch, Germany) was equipped with Schoberer Bike Measurement System (SRM) crank. For the laboratory test, a Cyclus II Ergometer was used. The energy intake and quality was determined during the time of race (540 km).Results: Workload at a defined metabolic situation was augmented through training by 63.8% from 90.0 to 147.6 W. The athlete finished the 540 km race with an average speed of 21.6 km h -1 and a total race time of 38:52 h. Conclusions: Ultra-long-term races in a handcycle can be suited by well-trained persons with a spinal cord injury. The quality of the training preparation time (for example, intensity and volume) is of immense importance to reach an adequate physiological capacity and to avoid serious injuries or medical problems.

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“…The Cyclus II ergometer has been accepted to accurately measure workload. 15 At least 2 h recovery was provided between each test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The exercise profile of an ultra-long handcycling race: the Styrkeprøven experience

et al. 2010

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“…Measurements were recorded every 10 s. The system can be carried in a rucksack around the neck, and the total weight of the apparatus (including batteries and mask) is 1 kg. It was shown earlier that the influence of this additional weight on cycling and even running performance is predictable and negligible (Coen et al 1999;Reiser et al 2000). Gas exchange parameters of interest were oxygen uptake ( _ V V O 2 ) and respiratory exchange ratio (R).…”

Section: Constant-load Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prescribed workload was given to the cyclists in watts and monitored by means of an ambulatory powermeter (SRM Training System, Ju¨lich-Welldorf, Germany). Transferability of workload measurements from the cycle ergometer to a powermeter-equipped bicycle was proven beforehand (Reiser et al 2000). Subjects were given three different amounts of CHO (see below) before and during the trials, and the order of these supplementations was randomized.…”

Section: General Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic profile of 4 h cycling in the field with varying amounts of carbohydrate supply

et al. 2003

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Several laboratory studies have demonstrated a performance-enhancing effect of carbohydrate (CHO) supplementations during endurance sessions of long duration. However, the transferability of these results to real training and competition circumstances has not been conclusively shown. Therefore, we tried to test the influence of graded CHO substitution on substrate utilization and selected physiological parameters under standardized but practically orientated field conditions. Fourteen endurance-trained male subjects [mean (SD): 25 (5) years, 72 (9) kg, .VO(2max) 67 (6) ml.min(-1).kg(-1), individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) 269 (30) W] after a stepwise increasing pre-test had to perform three 4-h endurance rides on their own bicycles with simultaneous spiroergometry: constant workload 70% IAT (monitoring by SRM-System). Before and during exercise, solutions without (0%), with 6% or 12% CHO were administered double-blindly and in randomized order (total volume: 50 ml.kg(-1)). After cessation of exercise, significant differences between 0% and both CHO concentrations were detected for blood glucose (GLU; 75 mg dl(-1) for 0% vs 101 mg dl(-1) for 6% vs 115 mg dl(-1) for 12%; P<0.001) and respiratory exchange ratio (0.84 vs 0.88 vs 0.90; P<0.01; correlation to GLU: r=0.46, P<0.05). Free fatty acids (0.19 vs 0.16 vs 0.10 mmol l(-1)) and glycerol (0.41 vs 0.22 vs 0.12 mmol l(-1)) were significantly different between the endurance trials in a dose-dependent manner (both P<0.001). Lactate concentration ( P=0.42) and heart rate ( P=0.12) had no significant influence from CHO substitution. We conclude that CHO substitution during 4-h endurance training inhibits lipolysis in a dose-dependent manner and enhances aerobic glycolysis. This proves that earlier laboratory findings can be replicated under field conditions using modern portable equipment.

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“…The TT 40 was performed in an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer (Cyclus 2 by RBM elektronik-automation GmbH, Leipzig), which has been shown to produce valid indices of power output (Reiser et al, 2000). …”

Section: -Km Cycling Time Trial (Tt 40 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle mechanical properties of strength and endurance athletes and changes after one week of intensive training

Símola

Raeder

Wiewelhove

et al. 2016

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

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The study investigates whether tensiomyography (TMG) is sensitive to differentiate between strength and endurance athletes, and to monitor fatigue after either one week of intensive strength (ST) or endurance (END) training. Fourteen strength (24.1 ± 2.0 years) and eleven endurance athletes (25.5 ± 4.8 years) performed an intensive training period of 6 days of ST or END, respectively. ST and END groups completed specific performance tests as well as TMG measurements of maximal radial deformation of the muscle belly (Dm), deformation time between 10% and 90% Dm (Tc), rate of deformation development until 10% Dm (V10) and 90% Dm (V90) before (baseline), after training period (post1), and after 72 hours of recovery (post2). Specific performance of both groups decreased from baseline to post1 (P < 0.05) and returned to baseline values at post2 (P < 0.05). The ST group showed higher countermovement jump (P < 0.05) and shorter Tc (P < 0.05) at baseline. After training, Dm, V10, and V90 were reduced in the ST (P < 0.05) while TMG changes were less pronounced in the END. TMG could be a useful tool to differentiate between strength and endurance athletes, and to monitor fatigue and recovery especially in strength training.

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Transferability of workload measurements between three different types of ergometer

Cited by 48 publications

References 14 publications

The exercise profile of an ultra-long handcycling race: the Styrkeprøven experience

The exercise profile of an ultra-long handcycling race: the Styrkeprøven experience

Metabolic profile of 4 h cycling in the field with varying amounts of carbohydrate supply

Muscle mechanical properties of strength and endurance athletes and changes after one week of intensive training

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