Transformable Fire Barriers for Filling Openings (Overview)

Abstract

The review of scientific and technical literature on the problem of ensuring fire safety of public and industrial buildings by dividing rooms into fire compartments using transformable fire barriers (TFB), as well as by protecting openings with transformable fire fillings is presented. The general classification of TFB is presented, the requirements for TFB are described, the use cases of various types of TFB and their design features are considered. Engineering solutions for transformable fire shelters, as well as mobile fire barriers, are presented. It has been established that the fire resistance limit of TFB is higher when used in combination with water irrigation, but the disadvantage of the system is the high consumption of coolant (from 0.12 liters/s of water per 1 linear meter of opening width), which, in addition to material costs, also has a destructive effect on finishing materials and building structures. A possible way to solve these problems is to use various fillers in the working cloth that emit inert or extinguishing gases, but this method needs additional verification in the form of modeling and physical experiments.