Transient hypersensitivity to soybean meal in the early-weaned pig.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine whether baby pigs develop hypersensitivity to dietary soybean proteins. Thirty-two pigs were orally infused with either dried skim milk (5 g/d; control) or soybean meal (48% CP; 5 g/d) from d 7 to 14 after birth. Sows were fed a corn-corn gluten meal-based diet supplemented with lysine and tryptophan to avoid exposure of pigs to soybean proteins. Pigs were weaned at 21 d of age and fed diets containing either soybean meal or milk proteins until d 56. One half of the pigs were killed at 28 d of age and the rest at 56 d of age. Segments of small intestine were collected, and intraepithelial lymphocytes were isolated. At 28 d of age, pigs fed diets containing soybean meal had lower (P less than .05) villus height (221 vs 298 microns) and rate of gain (86 vs 204 g/d) than control pigs did. Pigs fed a diet containing soybean meal had higher (P less than .05) immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers to soybean protein than did pigs fed a milk protein-based diet. Blood and intestinal lymphocytes collected on d 28 and 56 did not exhibit any proliferative response when cultured with purified soy proteins (2.5 or 5 microns/ml). Phytohemagglutinin- and pokeweed mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferations were higher (P less than .05) at d 56 than at d 28, but there were no differences attributable to protein source. There were no differences (P greater than .05) in skin-fold thickness measurements following intradermal injection with soy or milk proteins. Decreased villus height and increased serum IgG titers to soybean proteins coinciding with inferior performance of early weaned pigs fed diets containing soybean meal indicate that conventionally processed, commercial soybean meal may retain some antigens that can cause transient hypersensitivity in piglets.

Effects of soybean isoflavone on intestinal antioxidant capacity and cytokines in young piglets fed oxidized fish oil

“…It has been reported that atrophic changes in the intestinal mucosa, like those caused here by oxidized fish oil, provoke immediate or delayed-type hypersensitivity and mucosal inflammation (Li et al, 1990;1991). Our results show that sIgA is decreased by feeding oxidized fish oil, whereas supplemental ISF markedly increases the intestinal IgA levels, probably by augmenting B-and T-cell counts (Fan et al, 2010).…”

Forsythia suspensa extract alleviates hypersensitivity induced by soybean β-conglycinin in weaned piglets

“…# P < 0.05 compared with naive piglets; *P < 0.05 compared with sham piglets. disorders of immune function and reduced performance (Li et al, 1990;Dréau et al, 1994).…”

Effect of soybean meal fermented with Bacillus subtilis BS12 on growth performance and small intestinal immune status of piglets

“…Glycinin and β-conglycinin account for about 30% and 40%, respectively, of the total proteins in SBM (Maruyama et al, 1999). Soybean allergens (mainly glycinin and β-conglycinin) in the diets of weaned pigs provoked transient hypersensitivity and inflammation associated with abnormal morphology of the small intestine (Li et al, 1990;Sun, Li, Dong, Qiao, & Ma, 2008). These morphological changes can cause animal malabsorption syndrome, growth depression, and diarrhea Sun, Li, Li, Dong, & Wang, 2008).…”