Transition metal oxides with perovskite and spinel structures for electrochemical energy production applications

Recent progress of Cu-based electrocatalysts for upgrading biomass-derived furanic compounds

“…Spinel structures (AB 2 X 4 , A and B are metals, and X is an oxygen group element) provide metal redox-active centers on the surface owing to the migration of electrons at the oxygen site between metals of different valence, leading to superior electrochemical activity. 100,101 Seagull-shaped CuMn 2 O 4 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method and subsequently immersed in NH In addition, the ECO of FF to 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (HFO) has received considerable interest. HFO is a pivotal component in many bioactive compounds and intermediates, which are typically synthesized via thermo-catalysis.…”

“…Spinel structures (AB 2 X 4 , A and B are metals, and X is an oxygen group element) provide metal redox-active centers on the surface owing to the migration of electrons at the oxygen site between metals of different valence, leading to superior electrochemical activity. 100,101 Seagull-shaped CuMn 2 O 4 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method and subsequently immersed in NH 3 ·H 2 O to generate O vacancies (CuMn 2 O 4 –NH 3 -40). 102 Compared to CuMn 2 O 4 without NH 3 ·H 2 O etching, CuMn 2 O 4 –NH 3 -40 demonstrated an increase in Mn 4+ –O bonding in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) owing to abundant O vacancies.…”

Conductive origin and design principles of electrically controllable high conductivity La-doped perovskites

“…9 Therefore, the conductivity of the material is crucial in the PECINE process, and achieving the controlled synthesis of highly conductive perovskite materials is the key to enhancing their electrocatalytic performance. [18][19][20] To optimize the electronic structure of crystalline materials and investigate the effect of elemental doping on the structural properties, rstprinciples calculations have been widely used as an outstanding tool. [21][22][23][24] Researchers have employed rstprinciples calculations to optimize the electronic structure properties of crystal structure models and guide experiments for targeted elemental doping structure optimization.…”

Recent advances in perovskite oxide electrocatalysts for Li–O2 batteries

“…34 The crystal structure of perovskites is slightly different from that of spinel oxides (AB 2 O 4 ), where A and B cations occupy tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively. 35 Owing to their distinct electronic, catalytic, and magnetic properties, perovskites have been applied in batteries and solar cells. [36][37][38][39] Their tunable compositions, crystalline structures, low cost and facile synthesis make them promising electrocatalysts for the ORR/OER.…”