Transition of pattern generation: The phenomenon of post-scratching locomotion

Trejo, Argelia; Tapia, Jesús Alonso; Valdovinos, Braniff De la Torre; Huidobro, Nayeli; Flores, Gonzalo; Flores‐Hernández, Jorge; Flores, Amira; Manjarrez, Elı́as

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.038

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…It also occurred in immobilized premammilar–precollicular decerebrated cats (Trejo et al. ) and in the BCAC. FL episodes are favored by glutamic acid spinal cord microinjection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, MG motoneurons have intermingled inputs of both generators, as occurs in some spinal interneurons (Trejo et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collectively, in bifunctional muscles, such as PB, FDL, and ST, our results suggest a distributed input in motoneurons by a different set of interneurons, one of them receiving preferential input from the locomotion or the scratching generator. However, MG motoneurons have intermingled inputs of both generators, as occurs in some spinal interneurons (Trejo et al 2015).…”

Section: Motoneuron Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in precolicular decerebrated cats, when a compulsory activity took locomotor place following an scratching episode, flexor, extensor, and intermediate single interneurons rhythmically fired in the same phase during both the scratching and subsequent postscratching locomotion. The fact that no changes in the phases of these neurons from scratching to postscratching locomotion were found suggests that in the lumbar spinal cord there are neurons associated with both motor tasks (Trejo et al 2015). It would be interesting to observe whether postscratching locomotion also occurs in BCAC cats and to analyze whether bifunctional motoneurons are segregated for FL or FS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that no changes in the phases of these neurons from scratching to postscratching locomotion were found suggests that in the lumbar spinal cord there are neurons associated with both motor tasks (Trejo et al. ). It would be interesting to observe whether postscratching locomotion also occurs in BCAC cats and to analyze whether bifunctional motoneurons are segregated for FL or FS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hind limb motoneurons activity during fictive locomotion or scratching induced by pinna stimulation, serotonin, or glutamic acid in brain cortex-ablated cats

et al. 2017

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In brain cortex‐ablated cats (BCAC), hind limb motoneurons activity patterns were studied during fictive locomotion (FL) or fictive scratching (FS) induced by pinna stimulation. In order to study motoneurons excitability: heteronymous monosynaptic reflex (HeMR), intracellular recording, and individual Ia afferent fiber antidromic activity (AA) were analyzed. The intraspinal cord microinjections of serotonin or glutamic acid effects were made to study their influence in FL or FS. During FS, HeMR amplitude in extensor and bifunctional motoneurons increased prior to or during the respective electroneurogram (ENG). In soleus (SOL) motoneurons were reduced during the scratch cycle (SC). AA in medial gastrocnemius (MG) Ia afferent individual fibers of L6‐L7 dorsal roots did not occur during FS. Flexor digitorum longus (FDL) and MG motoneurons fired with doublets during the FS bursting activity, motoneuron membrane potential from some posterior biceps (PB) motoneurons exhibits a depolarization in relation to the PB (ENG). It changed to a locomotor drive potential in relation to one of the double ENG, PB bursts. In FDL and semitendinosus (ST) motoneurons, the membrane potential was depolarized during FS, but it did not change during FL. Glutamic acid injected in the L3‐L4 spinal cord segment favored the transition from FS to FL. During FL, glutamic acid produces a duration increase of extensors ENGs. Serotonin increases the ENG amplitude in extensor motoneurons, as well as the duration of scratching episodes. It did not change the SC duration. Segregation and motoneurons excitability could be regulated by the rhythmic generator and the pattern generator of the central pattern generator.

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“…It also occurred in immobilized premammilar–precollicular decerebrated cats (Trejo et al. ) and in the BCAC. FL episodes are favored by glutamic acid spinal cord microinjection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, MG motoneurons have intermingled inputs of both generators, as occurs in some spinal interneurons (Trejo et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Motoneuron Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Hind limb motoneurons activity during fictive locomotion or scratching induced by pinna stimulation, serotonin, or glutamic acid in brain cortex-ablated cats

et al. 2017

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Acute effects of L-DOPA/carbidopa/buspirone (Spinalon™) on rhythmic electrical activity of the lumbosacral spinal cord in cats

Moreno-Castillo,

Guertin,

Manjarrez

2024

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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Programmable coupled oscillators for synchronized locomotion

et al. 2019

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The striking similarity between biological locomotion gaits and the evolution of phase patterns in coupled oscillatory network can be traced to the role of central pattern generator located in the spinal cord. Bio-inspired robotics aim at harnessing this control approach for generation of rhythmic patterns for synchronized limb movement. Here, we utilize the phenomenon of synchronization and emergent spatiotemporal pattern from the interaction among coupled oscillators to generate a range of locomotion gait patterns. We experimentally demonstrate a central pattern generator network using capacitively coupled Vanadium Dioxide nano-oscillators. The coupled oscillators exhibit stable limit-cycle oscillations and tunable natural frequencies for real-time programmability of phase-pattern. The ultra-compact 1 Transistor-1 Resistor implementation of oscillator and bidirectional capacitive coupling allow small footprint area and low operating power. Compared to biomimetic CMOS based neuron and synapse models, our design simplifies on-chip implementation and real-time tunability by reducing the number of control parameters.

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Transition of pattern generation: The phenomenon of post-scratching locomotion

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

Hind limb motoneurons activity during fictive locomotion or scratching induced by pinna stimulation, serotonin, or glutamic acid in brain cortex-ablated cats

Hind limb motoneurons activity during fictive locomotion or scratching induced by pinna stimulation, serotonin, or glutamic acid in brain cortex-ablated cats

Acute effects of L-DOPA/carbidopa/buspirone (Spinalon™) on rhythmic electrical activity of the lumbosacral spinal cord in cats

Programmable coupled oscillators for synchronized locomotion

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