Transitional Phase Inversion of Emulsions Monitored by <i>in Situ</i> Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Charin, Rafael Mengotti; Nele, Márcio; Tavares, Frederico W.

doi:10.1021/la4007263

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…), chemical information can be obtained, which is extremely valuable in understanding the events in real-time during phase inversion process. IR spectroscopy has been utilized in recent studies to confirm phase inversion boundary in model transitional phase inversion systems 121 and also in catastrophic phase inversion system. 122 In addition to the aforementioned common methods for detection and characterization of phase inversion point, neutron scattering has also been employed for the same purpose.…”

Section: Acs Paragon Plus Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Phase Inversion Emulsification

Kumar

Cheng

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Emulsions are multiphasic fluid systems in which liquid droplets are dispersed in another immiscible liquid. The main components of an emulsion are the two liquid phases, typically oil and water, and the emulsifier, which stabilizes the interface between the two liquid phases. Emulsifiers can be a variety of molecules, such as polymers, amphiphilic surfactants, and proteins, and they can also be colloidal particles. Emulsion phase inversion is the process of interconversion between two types of simple emulsions: water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. Phase inversion can be induced by shifting the emulsifier affinity from one phase to the other, which is called transitional phase inversion. It can also be triggered by a change in the water-to-oil ratio of the emulsion, which leads to a process known as catastrophic phase inversion. With recent advances in the stabilization of emulsions using colloidal particles and stimuli-responsive surfactants, numerous novel emulsion systems that undergo emulsion phase inversion by means of various mechanisms have been developed. In this review, we highlight the most recent developments in the field of emulsion phase inversion, focusing on transitional phase inversion, inversion of particle-stabilized emulsions, and flowand shear-induced phase inversion. We also discuss and compare state-of-the-art analytical methods that have been used to detect and understand the emulsion phase inversion process. Our coverage spans from the early concepts of Bancroft's rule through the concept of semiquantitative hydrophilic−lipophilic balance to the more recent theoretical models used to predict and control phase inversion phenomena. We conclude this review by presenting an outlook on the future directions and outstanding problems that warrant future investigations to fully understand the mechanism of emulsion phase inversion at the single-droplet level.

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Section: Acs Paragon Plus Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Phase Inversion Emulsification

Kumar

Cheng

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…33 From the present work, it is shown now that the NIR is also useful for monitoring emulsion inversion in an emulsion containing crude oil ( Figure 8). Particularly, three transitions during emulsion inversion were detected for the system studied herein.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The results in Figure 8 are shown in duplicate for NIR monitoring. Even though the reproducibility of the emulsion inversion experiment was not as good as for inversion of model systems, 33 the emulsion transitions were observed successfully in accordance with conductometer monitoring.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Influence of Commercial Anti-agglomerants and Ammonium Quaternary Compounds on the Stability of Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion

et al. 2015

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Understanding the anti-agglomerant (AA) contributions to the physicochemical properties of waxy petroleum emulsions can provide improvements on handling problems caused by hydrates during petroleum production. This work evaluated the stability of a reference water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion perturbed by the presence of commercial hydrate AAs and ammonium quaternary compounds. The results showed that emulsion mean droplet size was not sensitive to the presence of these chemicals. Both W/O emulsions, with and without AA addition, were stable under a gravitational field. The amount of water separated during the stability experiments (bottle test under a centrifugal field) increased for emulsions containing a higher content of AA/quaternary ammonium compound. In a specific concentration of AA, stable W/O emulsion can no longer be obtained and an unstable liquid dispersion was formed, resembling emulsions near the transitional inversion point. In a dynamic experiment, monitored by in situ near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), a transitional emulsion inversion was performed by adding quaternary ammonium compound to the emulsion.

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“…This is a non destructive and non invasive technique for process monitoring. Fiber in near-infrared area NIR has been used to study in situ transitional phase inversion of water-heptane/toluene emulsions 14 . More recently, the same team followed NIR spectra during catastrophic inversion of emulsions and Principal Component Analysis PCA has been needed for analysis considering the complex obtained spectral data 29 .…”

Section: Continuous Light Backscattering Lbs Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, optic devices generally optical fibers are generally used to follow light backscattering LBS . This has been used to follow transitional emulsion phase inversion 13,14 as well as catastrophic phase inversion 14,15 , but not for really viscous systems 16 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Catastrophic Emulsion Inversion Process of Highly Viscous Isosorbide Biobased Polyester Monitored<i>in situ</i> by Torque and Light Backscattering

et al. 2018

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Highly viscous hydrophobic isosorbide biobased polyester O/W emulsions are prepared through catastrophic phase inversion. The process is followed in situ with two different methods: torque and light backscattering (LBS). Considering high viscosity of the system, only discontinuous conductivity monitoring is performed for comparison. Torque and LBS allow to highlight the emulsion inversion point (EIP) with relatively close water weight fraction values (f≈0.20). The torque and LBS signals are rather noisy before inversion (evolution of different structures) and more smooth after phase inversion (continuous aqueous phase). Torque gives a more macroscopic information, representative of the global state of the dispersion. Consistent conductivity and torque measurements suggest indeed an inversion pathway through multiple o/W/O emulsions leading to multiple complex structures before getting continuous aqueous final emulsion. This hypothesis is confirmed with continuous LBS monitoring and microscopic observations. LBS signal seems more complete because it combines the information of conductivity and torque and allows to clearly follow in situ the inversion from the beginning to the end of the process.

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Transitional Phase Inversion of Emulsions Monitored by in Situ Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Recent Developments in Phase Inversion Emulsification

Recent Developments in Phase Inversion Emulsification

Influence of Commercial Anti-agglomerants and Ammonium Quaternary Compounds on the Stability of Waxy Crude Oil Emulsion

Catastrophic Emulsion Inversion Process of Highly Viscous Isosorbide Biobased Polyester Monitored<i>in situ</i> by Torque and Light Backscattering

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