Translocation of Insecticides from Soils into Pea Plants. Effects of Detergent LAS on Translocation and Plant Growth

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to study quantitatively and qualitatively the penetration of ethyl parathion, diazinon, lindane, and aldrin from sand into the roots of peas and the translocation of these insecticides within the plant system. The effects of the detergent LAS on the uptake of these insecticides and on plant growth were also investigated. All the insecticides, with the exception of diazinon, accumulated within the roots of pea plants while growing in sand treated with insecticides at 5 p.p.m. LAS did not affect the penetration of lindane or aldrin into roots, but significantly reduced the amounts of parathion that penetrated the root system. Apparently, all the insecticides were translocated into the greens, yet the organophosphorus compounds were metabolized and detoxified. Lindane residues in the green plant part were the highest among the insecticides tested, though LAS reduced that translocation. Aldrin, after its penetration into the pea roots, was partially epoxidized into dieldrin which was then translocated to a small extent into the pea greens. Roots were most susceptible to both LAS and pesticide treatments.

Degradation of aldrin and heptachlor in field soils during a ten-year period. Translocation into crops

“…Data secured by those two methods showed good agreement. Soil and crop samples obtained during the remainder of the period (1963 through 1968) were extracted and analyzed by GLC as described by Lichtenstein et al (1967). In addition, soils and crops grown in 1963 on heptachlor treated plots were analyzed for 7-chlordane.…”

Some Quantitative Effects of Soil‐applied Organophosphorus Insecticides on Crop Growth

“…The organophosphorus insecticides although relatively less persistent appear to be more phytotoxic especially when used as seed dressings. There are few quantitative data on how insecticides afi'ect growth, and as such are often secondary to the main study (Lichtenstein, Fuhremann, Scopes and Skrentny, 1967). This paper provides some quantitative data on the effects of certain soil-applied organophosphorus systemic aphicides on crop plants.…”

Fate of diazinon in submerged soil. Accumulation of hydrolysis product

“…Identification of Degradation Compound. The method of extraction of diazinon and its metabolites from nonsterilized and sterilized soil samples was based on that of Lichtenstein et al (1967) with some modifications. The soil sample from each tube was shaken first with 60 ml., then with two 40-ml.…”