Transmigration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles in rats after inhalation exposure

Lee, K.P.; Trochimowicz, Henry J.; Reinhardt, Charles F.

doi:10.1016/0014-4800(85)90083-8

Cited by 48 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…BALT belongs to the "deep-set" drainage of periarterial, perivenous and peribronchiolar lympth vessels for clearance of fibers deposited in the interstitium. Pulmonary lymphatic drainage is reported to be much slower in clearing particles and fibers deposited in the interstitium than in the mucociliary escalator [26][27][28][29][30] . Therefore, the present result of a gradual increase in BALT deposition of MWCNT could be accounted by slow clearance of interstitially deposited MWCNT through pulmonary lympthatic drainage unlike the fast clearance of nonphagocytosed MWCNT fibers in the bronchiolar and alveolar spaces through the mucociliary escalator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Toxicity of Intratracheally Instilled Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Male Fischer 344 Rats

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Toxicity of Intratracheally Instilled Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Male Fischer 344 Rats

et al. 2010

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“…In their words, the tumor was 'associated with areas of pulmonary fibrosis (silicosis)'. 2) Inhalation of titanium dioxide, not classified as a human carcinogen by the IARC (Class 3), induces lung fibrosis and increases lung cancer incidence in rats [55][56][57][58] , similarly to silica. 3) Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, of course not due to silica, increases the risk of lung cancer in humans 59) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicosis and Smoking Strongly Increase Lung Cancer Risk in Silica-Exposed Workers

Kurihara

Wada

2004

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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It remains controversial whether silica is a human lung carcinogen. In this study, we estimated the relative risks of lung cancer due to silica and silicosis by meta-analysis. We collected papers published from 1966-2001 which epidemiologically reported on the relationship between silica/silicosis and lung cancer. We removed papers which did not exclude the effects of asbestos and radioactive materials including radon. We selected the most recent one if some papers were based on the same cohort. Based on the selected papers, we summarized the lung cancer risks from silica, silicosis and non-silicosis with exposure to silica, by meta-analysis using a random effects model. The pooled relative risks were 1.32 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23-1.41) for silica, 2.37 (95% CI, 1.98-2.84) for silicosis and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.81-1.15) for non-silicosis with exposure to silica. Since some papers on silica did not exclude silicosis, the risk due to silica itself may be smaller than 1.32. It was less possible that silica exposure directly increases lung cancer risk. On the other hand, the relative risk, 2.37 for silicosis suggested that silicosis increases lung cancer risk. Meta-analysis also revealed that cigarette smoking strongly increased the lung cancer risk in silicotic patients (relative risk, 4.47; 95% CI, 3.17-6.30). Thus, the present study suggested the great importance of preventing silicosis and smoking cessation in reducing lung cancer incidence in silica-exposed workers.

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“…These findings suggest that the TiO 2 particles are cleared via the lymphatic system, and that particles enter into the systemic circulation. Indeed, in rats exposed by inhalation to TiO 2 particles for 2 yr, dose-dependent deposition of particles was found in the liver and spleen, and an electronmicroscopic examination indicated that particle-laden macrophages had entered the blood or lymphatic vessels in the lymph nodes and then passed into the general circulation 30) . When a large amount (5 g/kg body weight) of TiO 2 (25, 80 and 155 nm in diameter) was given to mice by a single oral gavage, the concentrations of the particles (mainly those 25 and 80 nm in diameter) were elevated in several organs including the kidneys, liver and spleen 29) .…”

Section: Fig 3 Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (Sds)-polyacrylamide Gel Elecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding of Human Serum Proteins to Titanium Dioxide Particles In Vitro

Zaqout

Sumizawa

Ichikawa

et al. 2011

Journal of Occupational Health

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Binding of Human Serum Proteins toTitanium Dioxide Particles In Vitro: Mazen S.K. Zaqout, et al. Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan-Objectives: To determine the capacity of human serum proteins to bind to titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles of different polymorphs and sizes. Methods: TiO 2 particles were mixed with diluted human serum, purified human serum albumin (HSA) or purified human serum gamma-globulin (HGG) solutions. After incubation at 37°C for 1 h, the particles were sedimented by centrifugation, and proteins in the supernatant, as well as those bound to the particles, were analyzed. Results: The total protein concentration in the supernatant was lowered by TiO 2 , whereas the albumin/globulin ratio was elevated by the particles. Incubation with TiO 2 also lowered the immunoglobulin, pre-albumin, beta2-microglobulin, ceruloplasmin and retinol-binding protein levels, but not ferritin levels, in the supernatant. After sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), proteins in the supernatant, especially HGG, were observed to decrease, while those released from the particles (after adding 1% SDS and heating) increased, depending on the dose of TiO 2 . Purified HGG and HSA were also bound to TiO 2 , although the former appeared to have a higher affinity. All the proteins tested showed the highest binding potency to the amorphous particles (<50 nm) and the lowest to the rutile particles (<5,000 nm), while binding to anatase particles was intermediate. The affinity to the larger anatase was higher than that to smaller anatase particles in most cases. Conclusions: Human serum proteins, including the two major components, HSA and HGG, are bound by TiO 2 particles. The polymorph of the particles seems to be important for determining the binding capacity of the particles and it may affect distribution of the particles in the body. (J Occup Health 2011; 53: 75-83)

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Transmigration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles in rats after inhalation exposure

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Pulmonary Toxicity of Intratracheally Instilled Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Male Fischer 344 Rats

Pulmonary Toxicity of Intratracheally Instilled Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Male Fischer 344 Rats

Silicosis and Smoking Strongly Increase Lung Cancer Risk in Silica-Exposed Workers

Binding of Human Serum Proteins to Titanium Dioxide Particles In Vitro

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