Transmission Expansion Planning Considering a High Share of Wind Power to Maximize Available Transfer Capability

Abstract

To have an effective transmission network and support free trading, the open and nondiscriminatory access to transmission services for all market participants under all conditions is of significant concern. To this end, a sufficient value of available transfer capability (ATC) is required, which can significantly affect the electricity market efficiency. This paper constructs a methodology for reinforcing an existing transmission network considering wind power investment to enhance ATC. In this regard, a bi-level structure is adopted whose upper level is the joint transmission expansion planning (TEP) and wind power investment subject to the technical power grid limitations. After solving the upper level, a security-constrained economic dispatch (SC-ED) is formulated to acquire the optimal generation scheduling. Then, the lower level is designed to calculate the ATC. To solve this problem, the SC-ED is first replaced by its primal and dual feasibility constraints and strong duality equality. Then, these constraints are added to the upper level. The lower level is also replaced by its corresponding constraints. Consequently, a bilinear single-level optimization problem is extracted, which is further solved by employing Konno's cutting plane algorithm. The experimental results on the IEEE 24-bus RTS show the proposed method's effectiveness. It is indicated that the ATC can be improved by 27.2 % using the formulated model at the expense of more investment cost resulting in less load shedding and less wind 𝜆 A variable indicating the growth in load or generation. 𝑃 Electric demand in the ATC evaluation problem. 𝑃 , 𝑃 , 𝑃 Power output of thermal units in the main problem, ATC evaluation problem and SC-ED problem. 𝑃 , 𝑃 , 𝑃 Power output of a wind farm in the main problem, ATC evaluation problem and SC-ED problem. 𝑃 Capacity of a wind farm. 𝑢 Binary variable indicating the installation status of a transmission line. 𝛿 ,𝛿 , 𝛿 Voltage angle in the main problem, ATC evaluation problem and SC-ED problem. 𝛿 , Voltage angle at the reference bus.

Available Transfer Capability Assessment of Multiarea Power Systems with Conditional Generative Adversarial Network

“…In other words, ATC approximately evaluates the safety and stability margin of the current operating point. Terefore, ATC is not only an important basis for electricity market participants to carry out transmission right transactions [1][2][3] but also a boundary condition for the power system expansion planning [4]. In modern power systems with high penetration of renewable energy and multiple types of loads, it is of great signifcance to propose an ATC evaluation method to satisfy electricity market operation.…”

“…Te method maximizes the diference between the benefts and risks of the power increase. Moreover, ATC is an important basis for transmission system expansion planning and renewable power plant planning [4]. Terefore, electric power utility companies need to assess the ATC based on the power grid topology and power sourceload distribution.…”

“…Terefore, electric power utility companies need to assess the ATC based on the power grid topology and power sourceload distribution. Te study in [19] presented a methodology for reinforcing an existing transmission network, considering wind power investment to enhance ATC, and proposes a bilevel structure where the upper level is the joint transmission expansion planning (TEP) and wind power investment, while the lower level calculates the ATC.…”

Probabilistic Assessment of Available Transfer Capability Incorporating Load and Wind Power Uncertainties

“…In [14], ATC is evaluated based on an interval optimization algorithm considering the specific range of wind power uncertainty. A joint optimization approach for transmission expansion with wind power to enhance ATC is discussed in [15]. A probabilistic approach based on canonical low-rank approximation is proposed in [16] to evaluate ATC considering the uncertainties of wind power, load, and outage of transmission lines.…”

A Survey on Direct Load Control Technologies in the Smart Grid

“…Maintaining an equilibrium between the availability and requirement of electricity is essential. However, it is not an easy task to invest in new power generation plants and transmission lines to meet the desires of both consumers and electric utilities [4]. This challenge requires careful planning and considering various factors, including environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, and long-term sustainability.…”