Transmission patterns of Streptococcus mutans demonstrated by a combined rep-PCR and MLST approach

Momeni, Stephanie S.; Whiddon, Jennifer; Moser, Stephen A.; Childers, Noel K.

doi:10.1007/s00784-018-2371-8

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that vertical transmission of S. mutans from mother to child and horizontal transmission from child to child are the two sources of S. mutans colonization in children [32,33]. MLST was used to evaluate the transmission of S. mutans [34,35]. In this study, we found that some children from the same kindergarten and from different kindergartens shared the single ST, indicating child-to-child transmission of S. mutans in Bengbu, China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Streptococcus mutans isolates from site-specific dental plaque in China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Introduction. Streptococcus mutans is an important cariogenic microbe. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. The potential characteristics of S. mutans isolates from site-specific dental plaque are still not clear. Aim. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of S. mutans isolates from site-specific dental plaque in China. Methodology. We used S. mutans isolated from children with early-childhood caries (ECC) and caries-free children to compare the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of S. mutans from site-specific dental plaque samples. The ECC subjects presented two sites: a cavitated lesion and a sound surface. The caries-free subjects presented one sound surface. Growth pattern, biofilm, decrease in pH, extracellular polysaccharide, expression levels of virulence-related genes, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and phylogenetic trees were evaluated among these three sites. Results. The phenotypes detected between the cavitated and sound surfaces of ECC children were similar. However, the capacity for biofilm formation, pH drop and expression levels of genes (gtfB and spaP) of S. mutans in the caries-free group were lower compared with those of the ECC group. We identified 44 new alleles and 77 new sequence types. More than 90 % of the children with ECC shared an identical sequence type. The distribution of sequence types among different subjects showed diversity, and child-to-child transmission was detected. Conclusions. This is the first report of MLST on site-specific dental plaques in a single subject, and indicates that S. mutans isolated from site-specific dental plaque of a single subject showed similar phenotypes as a result of the isolates were closely related.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Streptococcus mutans isolates from site-specific dental plaque in China

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…However, this analysis had not been used to genotype S. mutans strains. For the genotyping of S. mutans, the techniques of AP-PCR (11), rep-PCR, and MLST (13) have been used so far. However, these techniques are usually more laborious and expensive, so the use of the 16S rRNA gene PCR-RFLP analysis offers a simpler and cheaper method to compare genotypic diversity and stability of S. mutans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many methods have been used to identify the mutans streptococci (MS) diversity, such as DNA genomic fingerprinting by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (12), arbitrary-primer polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) (11), repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (13). PCR based upon the dexA gene sequence has been successfully applied for the identification of S. mutans species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predominant Cariogenic Genotype of Streptococcus mutans in Schoolchildren of Mexico City: A Follow-Up Study

Álvarez-Castro¹,

Bustos‐Martínez

Acosta-Gío

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Streptococcus mutans is considered the primary bacterial species closely associated with the etiology of dental caries in humans. Recent studies suggest an association between caries and the genetic diversity of S. mutans. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotypic diversity of S. mutans in schoolchildren, its stability in a one-year follow-up study, and its association with dental caries. Methods: We studied 25 schoolchildren. Representative S. mutans colonies were isolated from the dental plaque of each child, grown on mitis-salivarius-bacitracin agar, and inoculated in trypticase soy broth. We performed 16S rRNA gene PCR-RFLP analysis on S. mutans isolates. Dental caries in deciduous and permanent surfaces was scored according to the WHO criteria. After 12 months, the caries incidence, S. mutans count, and genotypic diversity were compared. We grouped samples to observe similarities using cluster analysis. A similarity coefficient of > 95% was considered for defining the genotypes. Results: At baseline, we proved the genotypic diversity of S. mutans with five different genotypes. Caries scores were higher in children with genotype A (dmfs 5.4 vs. 3.4). The genotypic diversity of S. mutans in the schoolchildren decreased after one year, with the predominance of genotype A (52% to 92%) that was also associated with high bacterial counts (P = 0.0063). Conclusions: This study supports that there are changes in the genotype of S. mutans over time, and the more cariogenic genotype is more stable than the others.

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“…Reported patterns of S. mutans transmission include mother-to-child transmission, father-to-child transmission, intrafamilial transmission, and child-to-child transmission (39)(40)(41). In previous studies of S. mutans, evidence of transmission among children and their family members was defined via MLST based on identical ST assignments (17,40).…”

Section: Fig 4 Legend (Continued)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Streptococcus mutans

Liu

Guo

et al. 2020

mSphere

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ABSTRACT Streptococcus mutans is one of the primary pathogens responsible for the development of dental caries. Recent whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) approaches have been employed in epidemiological studies of specific human pathogens. However, this approach has not been reported in studies of S. mutans. Here, we therefore developed a cgMLST scheme for S. mutans. We surveyed 199 available S. mutans genomes as a means of identifying cgMLST targets, developing a scheme that incorporated 594 targets from the S. mutans UA159 reference genome. Sixty-eight sequence types (STs) were identified in this cgMLST scheme (cgSTs) in 80 S. mutans isolates from 40 children that were sequenced in this study, compared to 35 STs identified by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Fifty-six cgSTs (82.35%) were associated with a single isolate based on our cgMLST scheme, which is significantly higher than in the MLST scheme (11.43%). In addition, 58.06% of all MLST profiles with ≥2 isolates were further differentiated by our cgMLST scheme. Topological analyses of the maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees revealed that our cgMLST scheme was more reliable than the MLST scheme. A minimum spanning tree of 145 S. mutans isolates from 10 countries developed based upon the cgMLST scheme highlighted the diverse population structure of S. mutans. This cgMLST scheme thus offers a new molecular typing method suitable for evaluating the epidemiological distribution of this pathogen and has the potential to serve as a benchmark for future global studies of the epidemiological nature of dental caries. IMPORTANCE Streptococcus mutans is regarded as a major pathogen responsible for the onset of dental caries. S. mutans can transmit among people, especially within families. In this study, we established a new epidemiological approach to S. mutans classification. This approach can effectively differentiate among closely related isolates and offers superior reliability relative to that of the traditional MLST molecular typing method. As such, it has the potential to better support effective public health strategies centered around this bacterium that are aimed at preventing and treating dental caries.

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Transmission patterns of Streptococcus mutans demonstrated by a combined rep-PCR and MLST approach

Abstract: Using a combined rep-PCR and MLST approach, it is possible to track probable transmission and strain sources for S. mutans genotypes.

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Streptococcus mutans isolates from site-specific dental plaque in China

Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Streptococcus mutans isolates from site-specific dental plaque in China

A Predominant Cariogenic Genotype of Streptococcus mutans in Schoolchildren of Mexico City: A Follow-Up Study

A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Streptococcus mutans

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