Transmitter and Receiver Architectures for Molecular Communications: A Survey on Physical Design With Modulation, Coding, and Detection Techniques

Abstract

This article focuses on the design of transmitters and receivers for molecular communication (MC). It also reviews existing literature on transmitter and receiver architectures for realizing MC, including both nanomaterial-based nanomachines and/or biological entities.

Molecular Information Delivery in Porous Media

“…Based on (22), Q[n|X 1:n−1 ] → 0 means Pr(Y n = 1|X n = 0, X 1:n−1 ) → 0 and Pr(Y n = 0|X n = 1, X 1:n−1 ) → 0. Applying these two expressions to (14) and (17), we obtain I(X n ; Y n |X 1:n−1 ) = 1 bits/slot, which proves Q → 0 is a sufficient condition. We finally prove that Q → 0 is a necessary condition for I(X n ; Y n |X 1:n−1 ) = 1 bits/slot.…”

“…Pore Molecule between nanomachines to exchange the amount of information required for executing complex collaborative tasks, e.g., disease detection [14], and binary symbols are easier to transmit than symbols that carry more bits of information. Transport through the PM: We consider the PM filled with an incompressible fluid of viscosity µ, moving with a mean velocity v m oriented from the TX to the RX.…”

MolCom system with downlink/uplink biocyber interface for Internet of Bio‐NanoThings

“…14 At the same time, with development in the field of nanotechnology, synthetic biology, ie, fabrication of nanomachines, is becoming a reality. 20 More recently, the physical design and the architecture of transmitter and receiver for MolCom are proposed in Kuscu et al 21 That architecture depends on nanofabrication, biochemical, physiology, and synthetic biology which enabled the envisioned nanonetwork applications. 16 Subsequently, the IEEE 1906.1 Working Group stands for Nanoscale and Molecular Communication Framework as the first nanoscale and molecular communication standard and constitutes a recommended practice for the definition of a general framework for the nanoscale communications.…”

“…Subsequently, the development of such tool leads to minimize researcher's time in interfacing different software tools as well as validate experiments with the theoretical results. 20 More recently, the physical design and the architecture of transmitter and receiver for MolCom are proposed in Kuscu et al 21 That architecture depends on nanofabrication, biochemical, physiology, and synthetic biology which enabled the envisioned nanonetwork applications. The envisioned design of the MolCom transmitter is approached by biological architectures based on nanomaterial-based architectures and engineered bacteria enabled by synthetic biology.…”

“…The design's architecture of the mentioned nanomachines is inspired by living cells and organs of the biological system. Additionally, the functions of various nanomachines in the targeted nanonetwork such as stimuli, emission, collecting, sensing, actuating, and receiving of information are driven by the natural function of some well-known molecules in the biological network such as exocytosis, liposomes, luciferase, luciferin enzyme, and bioluminescence reaction [21]. We envisioned a simplified health care system, wherein the targeted nanonetwork of interconnected nanomachines is embedded into the intrabody of patient (for example on the wrist) in order to perform complex tasks such as repair tissues, drug delivery, or diagnostic activities.…”