Trap depth and color variation of Ce3+-Cr3+ co-doped Gd3(Al,Ga)5O12 garnet persistent phosphors

Asami, Kazuki; Ueda, Jumpei; Tanabe, Setsuhisa

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2016.09.052

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Two broad excitation regions ∼340 nm and ∼450 nm can be observed which correspond to the Ce 3+ 4f → 5d 2 and 4f → 5d 1 transitions, respectively. 23 Moreover, the excitation spectrum obtained for λ em = 720 nm, the peaks at ∼274, 460, and 620 nm correspond to the 4 A 2 ( 4 F) → 4 T 1 ( 4 P), 4 A 2 ( 4 F) → 4 T 1 ( 4 F), and 4 A 2 ( 4 F) → 4 T 2 ( 4 F) transitions of the Cr 3+ ion, respectively 24 (Figure S1a, Supporting Information). The photoluminescence emission spectrum of GAGG:CeCr nanoparticles was recorded at the excitation wavelength (λ ex ) 460 nm.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5−9 Previously, Ce 3+ and Cr 3+ codoped Gd 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 (GAGG:-CeCr) garnets were reported for excellent persistent luminescence (PersL) properties. 10,11 PersL is a phenomenon where the luminescent material continues emitting photons for minutes to hours even after the excitation is stopped, thus eliminating the tissue autofluorescence, leading to a high signal to background ratio. PersL nanoparticles are very useful for real-time imaging and tracking drug delivery in the tissues and cells.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visible/Near-Infrared Emitting, Garnet-Based Paramagnetic-Persistent Luminescent Nanocrystals for Two-Photon Bioimaging

Sengar¹,

Flores

Chauhan³

et al. 2020

Crystal Growth & Design

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Multimode bioimaging using a combination of two or more imaging techniques is beneficial for taking advantage of each modality by overcoming the individual limitations. It allows visualization of diseased tissue with high specificity making it a powerful strategy for improved disease prognosis. Herein, we report a multimodality probe, Gd 2.99 Ce 0.01 Al 1.995 Cr 0.005 Ga 3 O 12 (GAGG:-Ce,Cr), combining magnetic, persistent luminescence, and nearinfrared (NIR) to NIR two-photon excited bioimaging properties. The hydrothermally synthesized GAGG:Ce,Cr with an average size of ∼100 nm exhibited persistent luminescence emission in both visible and NIR regions upon blue light excitation. Besides, the nanoparticles (NPs) demonstrated paramagnetic properties with a magnetic susceptibility of 4.6 × 10 −5 emu/gOe. Folic acid functionalized NPs (GAGG:CeCr-FA) showed retained characteristic visible emission of Ce 3+ ∼550 nm and NIR emission of Cr 3+ ∼720 nm upon excitation with two photons (800 nm). In vitro toxicity analysis of nanoparticles in different cell lines revealed the biocompatible nature before and after surface modification. GAGG:CeCr-FA NPs were efficiently internalized in HeLa cells and presented multiphotonic emission in the visible and NIR regions after two-photon NIR (800 nm) excitation. This study suggests that NIR → NIR two-photon excited magneto-persistent GAGG:CeCr is a potential multifunctional nanoprobe for deep penetration and high contrast bioimaging.

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible/Near-Infrared Emitting, Garnet-Based Paramagnetic-Persistent Luminescent Nanocrystals for Two-Photon Bioimaging

Sengar¹,

Flores

Chauhan³

et al. 2020

Crystal Growth & Design

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“…It shows that they act as suitable electron traps like co-dopants of trivalent lanthanides ions in YPO 4 :Ce 3+ ,Ln 3+ . Again, TL is shown to be a sensitive technique to determine energy levels in the band gap and is therefore widely used in the study of persistent luminescence phosphors, as illustrated by the many publications in this field [28,29,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96]. …”

Section: Thermoluminescence As a Research Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoluminescence as a Research Tool to Investigate Luminescence Mechanisms

Bos

2017

Materials

234

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Thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) is known as a technique used in radiation dosimetry and dating. However, since the luminescence is very sensitive to the defects in a solid, it can also be used in material research. In this review, it is shown how TSL can be used as a research tool to investigate luminescent characteristics and underlying luminescent mechanisms. First, some basic characteristics and a theoretical background of the phenomenon are given. Next, methods and difficulties in extracting trapping parameters are addressed. Then, the instrumentation needed to measure the luminescence, both as a function of temperature and wavelength, is described. Finally, a series of very diverse examples is given to illustrate how TSL has been used in the determination of energy levels of defects, in the research of persistent luminescence phosphors, and in phenomena like band gap engineering, tunnelling, photosynthesis, and thermal quenching. It is concluded that in the field of luminescence spectroscopy, thermally stimulated luminescence has proven to be an experimental technique with unique properties to study defects in solids.

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“…It was proposed that Cr 3+ co-doping results in the formation of electron trapping sites with an ideal trap depth for persistent luminescence at room temperature [28,32]. It was also proposed and proven that the same principles can be applied to the GAGG phosphor luminescence where co-doping of Cr 3+ and Ce 3+ results in persistent phosphor luminescence of excited Ce 3+ sites and, in some cases, Cr 3+ emission in the visible range [28][29][30]32,33]. In this study, a novel system consisting of GAGG matrix and four additional dopant elements (Ce 3+ , Cr 3+ , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ) was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Another type of modification for GAGG:Ce is co-doping with various metal cations. Studies have shown that co-doping of GAGG:Ce with mono/di/trivalent cations usually affects the luminescence, i.e., the absorption strength, quantum efficiency, quenching temperature, and decay time [17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The change of these parameters depends not only on the dopant type, but also on its concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of GAGG Doped with Extremely Low Levels of Chromium and Exhibiting Exceptional Intensity of Emission in NIR Region

et al. 2021

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Cerium and chromium co-doped gadolinium aluminum gallium garnets were prepared using sol-gel technique. These compounds potentially can be applied for NIR-LED construction, horticulture and theranostics. Additionally, magnesium and calcium ions were also incorporated into the structure. X-ray diffraction data analysis confirmed the all-cubic symmetry with an Ia-3d space group, which is appropriate for garnet-type materials. From the characterization of the luminescence properties, it was confirmed that both chromium and cerium emissions could be incorporated. Cerium luminescence was detected under 450 nm excitation, while for chromium emission, 270 nm excitation was used. The emission of chromium ions was exceptionally intense, although it was determined that these compounds are doped only by parts per million of Cr3+ ions. Typically, the emission maxima of chromium ions are located around 650–750 nm in garnet systems. However, in this case, the emission maximum for chromium is measured to be around 790 nm, caused by re-absorption of Cr3+ ions. The main observation of this study is that the switchable emission wavelength in a compound of single phase was obtained, despite the fact that doping with Cr ions was performed in ppm level, causing an intense emission in NIR region.

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Trap depth and color variation of Ce3+-Cr3+ co-doped Gd3(Al,Ga)5O12 garnet persistent phosphors

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Visible/Near-Infrared Emitting, Garnet-Based Paramagnetic-Persistent Luminescent Nanocrystals for Two-Photon Bioimaging

Visible/Near-Infrared Emitting, Garnet-Based Paramagnetic-Persistent Luminescent Nanocrystals for Two-Photon Bioimaging

Thermoluminescence as a Research Tool to Investigate Luminescence Mechanisms

Characterization of GAGG Doped with Extremely Low Levels of Chromium and Exhibiting Exceptional Intensity of Emission in NIR Region

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