Traumatic brain injury in a county jail population: prevalence, neuropsychological functioning and psychiatric disorders

Slaughter, Bill; Fann, Jesse R.; Ehde, Dawn M.

doi:10.1080/0269905031000088649

Cited by 141 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Among studies looking at the prevalence of TBI among females offenders (Bogner & Corrigan, 2009; Brewer‐Smyth et al., 2004; Colantonio et al., 2007, 2014; Diamond, Harzke, Magaletta, Cummins, & Frankowski, 2007; Ferguson et al., 2012; Gunter et al., 2009; Hawley & Maden, 2003; Hux et al., 1998; Lewis, Pincus, Feldman, Jackson, & Bard, 1986; Perron & Howard, 2008; Sarapata, Herrmann, Johnson, & Aycock, 1998; Slaughter, Fann, & Ehde, 2003), the rates vary from 9.5% (Perron & Howard, 2008) to 100% (Lewis et al., 1986). A rate of 100% was found in a very small sample of two women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of 21% found in this study confirms previous findings published in Canada and the United States (Bogner & Corrigan, 2009; Brewer‐Smyth et al., 2004; Colantonio et al., 2007, 2014; Diamond et al., 2007; Ferguson et al., 2012; Gunter et al., 2009; Hawley & Maden, 2003; Hux et al., 1998; Lewis et al., 1986; Perron & Howard, 2008; Sarapata et al., 1998; Slaughter et al., 2003). As data about the prevalence of TBI are lacking for Europe, it is hazardous to compare our findings with the prevalence of a history of TBI in the general population in France (Tagliaferri, Compagnone, Korsic, Servadei, & Kraus, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings are not surprising and are in accordance with other studies looking at the association between TBI and the use of psychotropic drugs (Walker et al., 2001). In any case, mental health issues are frequent following preceding TBI (Timonen et al., 2002), as well as among prisoners, the most frequently reported disorder being depression (Schofield et al., 2006a, 2006b; Slaughter et al., 2003; Walker et al., 2003). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traumatic brain injury among female offenders in a prison population: results of the FleuryTBI study

et al. 2016

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AimThe study was designed to estimate the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a French prison population of female offenders, study the variables known to be associated with TBI, and compare our results with those obtained among male offenders as described in a previous paper.ParticipantsAll female offenders (adults and juveniles) consecutively admitted to Fleury‐Mérogis prison over a 3‐month period were included in the study.MethodDuring the admission procedure, female offenders were interviewed by healthcare staff using a self‐reported questionnaire.ResultsIn all, 100 female offenders were included. The rate of self‐reported TBI was high, with a prevalence of 21%. The first cause of TBI was violence related (35%) and a majority of female offenders with a history of TBI reported having sustained more than one TBI. When compared with those who did not report a TBI, epilepsy and use of alcohol were higher among female offenders with a history of TBI. Perceived health was significantly worse for women who reported a TBI.ConclusionsThis study findings provide additional evidence that TBI among offender populations is serious and that specific actions need to be developed and implemented in correctional settings such as screening for TBI upon arrival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traumatic brain injury among female offenders in a prison population: results of the FleuryTBI study

et al. 2016

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“…Very little research has looked specifically at neuropsychological functioning in justice-involved individuals with a history of TBI (Barnfield & Leathem, 1998b;Slaughter, Fann & Ehde, 2003) or at executive functioning and TBI (Marsh & Martinovich, 2006). The current study attempted to address this gap in the research by examining the neuropsychological functioning-and specifically the executive functioning-as it related to TBI in a sample of adults incarcerated in the Federal Prison System.…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Brain Injury and Executive Functioning in an Incarcerated Sample

Bernett¹,

Diamond²,

Melchert³

et al. 2013

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING IN AN INCARCERATED SAMPLEAbigail A. Bernett, M.A.Marquette University, 2012 Incarcerated adults in the United States represent a significant segment of the population, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) in incarcerated populations has been identified as an area of public health concern. However, not much is known about it because research investigating TBI in incarcerated populations has focused primarily on its relationship to violent behavior. The existing research suggests that a history of TBI may be related to later violent behavior, criminal activity, mental health problems, and poorer institutional and community adjustment. Further, some of the cognitive deficits found in the general population following TBI, including executive dysfunction, have also been found in incarcerated populations. The purpose of the current study was to address a gap in the research by examining the relationship between TBI and executive functioning in a sample of adults incarcerated in the Federal Prison System. The study aimed to describe the neurocognitive functioning of the sample in the domains of IQ, executive functioning, verbal memory, attention, and motor skills. Further, hypotheses based on the theory of cognitive reserve were tested regarding the relationships between TBI, executive functioning, and institution behavior. Overall, the sample demonstrated average performance across the majority of cognitive domains tested. The range of scores in all domains spanned from profound impairment to superior performance. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to look for differences in executive functioning across varying levels of TBI severity, though no significant difference was found. Regression analyses found that lower cognitive reserve was associated with lower executive functioning, though structural equation modeling did not support a relationship between executive functioning and subsequent institutional behavior. Caveats in interpreting test scores, particularly in the domain of executive functioning, are discussed, along with possible explanations for differences in cognitive functioning across incarcerated subgroups. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that correctional institutions increase screening and cognitive testing of individuals who present with risk factors for possible executive dysfunction (e.g., history of violent offenses, TBI) in order to better classify the inmate population. Further, individualized treatment and the incorporation of programming that specifically targets executive dysfunction are recommended.

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“…We assessed traumatic head injury with an item developed for use in a county jail population 35 and used in prior studies of homeless individuals. 29 …”

Section: Traumatic Life Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Their Association With Smoking Outcome Expectancies Among Homeless Smokers in Boston

Baggett

Campbell

Chang

et al. 2015

NICTOB

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Introduction: Cigarette smoking and traumatic life experiences are each common among homeless adults, but the prevalence and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among homeless smokers are not known. We assessed symptoms of PTSD and their association with smoking outcome expectancies in a sample of homeless smokers in Boston. Methods: We used time-location sampling to conduct an in-person survey of homeless adult smokers using Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program clinical services. We assessed symptoms of PTSD with the PTSD Checklist-Civilian version and considered scores at least 14 as positive. We used the Smoking Effects Questionnaire to assess positive and negative smoking outcome expectancies. We modeled the associations between PTSD screening status and smoking expectancies using design-adjusted linear regression. Results: Eighty-six percent of eligible individuals participated (N = 306). Sixty-eight percent of participants screened positive for PTSD. Screen-positive respondents were younger (P = .001), more likely to report fair/poor health (P = .01), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P = .02), and past-month hallucinations (P = .004), and had greater drug (P < .001) and alcohol (P < .001) use severity and cigarette dependence (P = .002). In analyses controlling for these confounders, PTSD screen-positive participants more strongly endorsed smoking to reduce negative affect (P = .01), smoking for social benefits (P = .002), and smoking for weight control (P = .03). Exploratory analyses suggested that these associations were driven by avoidance/numbing and re-experiencing symptoms. Conclusions: Symptoms of posttraumatic stress are common among homeless smokers and strongly associated with positive smoking outcome expectancies. Tobacco cessation programs for this population should consider screening for PTSD and fostering a trauma-sensitive treatment environment. Implications: In this study of homeless cigarette smokers in Boston, over two-thirds of participants screened positive for PTSD. PTSD screen-positive respondents more strongly endorsed multiple positive smoking outcome expectancies than screen-negative individuals. These findings suggest

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Traumatic brain injury in a county jail population: prevalence, neuropsychological functioning and psychiatric disorders

Abstract: This study suggests the need for increased attention to TBI and its cognitive, behavioural and psychiatric sequelae in jail populations.

Cited by 141 publications

References 29 publications

Traumatic brain injury among female offenders in a prison population: results of the FleuryTBI study

Traumatic brain injury among female offenders in a prison population: results of the FleuryTBI study

Traumatic Brain Injury and Executive Functioning in an Incarcerated Sample

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Their Association With Smoking Outcome Expectancies Among Homeless Smokers in Boston

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