Treatment of Wastewaters with Zirconium Phosphate Based Materials: A Review on Efficient Systems for the Removal of Heavy Metal and Dye Water Pollutants

Pica, Monica

doi:10.3390/molecules26082392

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…The last 10 years of zirconium phosphate research has brought exciting new possibilities. More and more researchers are entering the field and are finding new applications for these materials such as ecofriendly nano flame retardants, toxic heavy metal removal for wastewater treatments, solar energy conversion, biomedicine, polymer nanocomposites, nuclear waste remediation, tribology, tissue repair, and anticorrosion additives, among many others. − , The state of this field is very strong. Our dear old material has indeed a very bright future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1−4 After initial work on the synthesis of amorphous ZrP, strong interest in this material surged in the 1950s as its ion-exchange properties were found to be excellent for wastewater remediation in the nuclear industry. 5 In 1964, Stynes and Clearfield reported for the first time the synthesis of crystalline ZrP using reflux methods with high concentrations of H 3 PO 4 , 6 which opened new opportunities to explore the characteristics and properties of this material. By 1968, the X-ray crystal structure of α-ZrP was determined by Smith and Clearfield 7 and refined by Troup and Clearfield in 1977.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inorganic layered material zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO 4 ) 2 ·H 2 O, α-ZrP) has a long and illustrious history. − After initial work on the synthesis of amorphous ZrP, strong interest in this material surged in the 1950s as its ion-exchange properties were found to be excellent for wastewater remediation in the nuclear industry . In 1964, Stynes and Clearfield reported for the first time the synthesis of crystalline ZrP using reflux methods with high concentrations of H 3 PO 4 , which opened new opportunities to explore the characteristics and properties of this material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Applications of Zirconium Phosphate Nanomaterials

et al. 2021

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Conspectus The 2-D layers of the inorganic ion exchanger α-zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO4)2·H2O, α-ZrP) make this compound particularly stable to low pH, high temperature, and ionizing radiation. Initially studied for its ion exchange properties, once the conditions for its synthesis in crystalline form was accomplished by James Stynes and Abraham Clearfield in 1964, numerous other types of studies and applications followed. Extensive studies in the 1960s and 1970s on the thermodynamics of ion exchange led to insights into the intercalation mechanism of this material. The Clearfield group solved the crystal structure in 1968 and refined it in 1977. Powder methods were pioneered by the Clearfield group to solve the structure of this type of materials. In 1968 Giulio Alberti reported means to prepare zirconium phosphonates expanding the chemistry of these layered compounds. New phases of ZrP were also discovered (e.g., γ, θ, λ, τ) and the applications ranged from heterogeneous catalysis to intercalation chemistry and solid-state proton conductors. Methods to exfoliate the layers of ZrP were developed in the 1990s as interest grew in new applications of these types of materials. For example, protein and enzyme intercalation was accomplished starting in the 1990s by the McLendon, Mallouk, and Kumar groups. In the early 2000s, the Colón group pioneered the use of the θ phase of ZrP for the direct intercalation of large inorganic metal complexes that could not be directly intercalated into the α phase. Initial studies in the Colón group ranged from applications of these directly intercalated ZrP derivatives in photophysics and photochemistry, amperometric biosensors, vapochromism, and vapoluminescence. Over the past decade, new applications of these materials have been developed in anticancer drug delivery and electrocatalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). ZrP has now proven to be a promising drug nanocarrier and its unique chemical microenvironment provided by the α-type layers and the interlayer space enhances catalytic activity for numerous types of reactions. Further elucidation of the catalytic active species under operando conditions as well as the chemical structure of drug-intercalated derivatives should provide new insights that will advance the design and development of new compounds with desired properties. The initial pioneering efforts of Clearfield and Alberti are being continued by numerous research groups providing new exciting areas of development on the chemistry of layered M(IV) phosphate and phosphonate compounds. In this Account we present the efforts of the Colón group during the past decade on studies of the applications of ZrP for anticancer drug delivery and electrocatalysis of the OER.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Applications of Zirconium Phosphate Nanomaterials

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“…The collection point that has a high concentration value at point 2 at a distance of 250 m after mixing with tannery industrial waste, this is because the industrial waste load entering the river flow has been mixed perfectly. According to [29] This can be caused by the wastewater being tested is wastewater that contains a lot of organic oxygen capture substances, which can come from inorganic ammonia, heavy metals, and oxygen scavan.…”

Section: Figure 4 Relationship Between Ph Concentrationand River Dist...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Pollution Profile of the Tanning Industry by Distance in Gandong River, Indonesia

Sevi

Suprijandani

Rachmaniyah

et al. 2022

International Journal of Advanced Health Science and Technology

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River water quality is influenced by several factors, one of then is caused by industrial waste discharged into river bodies. Effluent discharged into water bodies contains heavy metals, pungent odours, and makes the colour of water in water bodies cloudy. the purpose of the study examined the effect of tannery effluent distance on the water quality of the Gandong River in Magetan Regency. Benefits For the company As a consideration to maximize WWTP processing actions so as not to pollute the river environment. for the surrounding community to know also the consequences caused by pollution of tanning industry waste so that they are more careful in reprocessing the use of river water. This type of the reseach was observational with a cross sectional approach. A purposive sampling technique was used. The data analysis methode was a correlation test by comparing laboratory test results with Gandong River water quality standards according to PP. RI. No 82 of 2001. Parametric statistical tests using Product-Moment Correlation to determine the relationsbetweenp of distance from the tannery industry affects the water quality of the Gandong River in Magetan Regency. The results showed that the water quality of Gandong River did not meet the requirements of COD 118 mg/l and colour 61.85 TCU/PtCo, at a distance of 250 m which exceeded the quality standards of COD 133 mg/l and colour 54.90 TCU/PtCo, at a distance of 500 m which did not meet the requirements of COD 89 mg/l, at a distance of 750 m which did not meet the requirements of COD 89 mg/l. temperature and TSS parameters. The highest results at a distance of 0 m of 27˚C and 368 mg / l meet the quality standard requirements for odour obtained odorous results. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the parameters of pH, TSS, Temperature, and Odour still meet the quality standards and the parameters of colour, COD do not meet the quality standards. Based on the Product Moment correlation analysis, the relationship between distance and river water quality shows different values for correlation results that have a relationship, namely the parameters of odour, colour, COD and results that do not have a correlation of temperature and TSS. So the farther the distance from the pollutant source, the better the river water quality.

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“…There are various techniques available for the removal of heavy metals and dyes from wastewater, such as membrane filtration [8,12], chemical precipitation [13], ion exchange [14], electrolytic techniques [15], biological methods [16], chemical oxidation or reduction process [17], and adsorption [4][5][6][7][9][10][11]. The adsorption method has been exhibited as a facile, efficient, low-cost, and environment-friendly method for wastewater treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Porous Hydroxyapatite/Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Beads as an Efficient Adsorbent for Dyes and Heavy Metal Ions Removal

et al. 2021

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Dye and heavy metal contaminants are mainly aquatic pollutants. Although many materials and methods have been developed to remove these pollutants from water, effective and cheap materials and methods are still challenging. In this study, highly porous hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide/chitosan beads (HGC) were prepared by a facile one-step method and investigated as efficient adsorbents. The prepared beads showed a high porosity and low bulk density. SEM images indicated that the hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were well dispersed on the CTS matrix. FT-IR spectra confirmed good incorporation of the three components. The adsorption behavior of the obtained beads to methylene blue (MB) and copper ions was investigated, including the effect of the contact time, pH medium, dye/metal ion initial concentration, and recycle ability. The HGC beads showed rapid adsorption, high capacity, and easy separation and reused due to the porous characteristics of GO sheets and HA nanoparticles as well as the rich negative charges of the chitosan (CTS) matrix. The maximum sorption capacities of the HGC beads were 99.00 and 256.41 mg g−1 for MB and copper ions removal, respectively.

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Treatment of Wastewaters with Zirconium Phosphate Based Materials: A Review on Efficient Systems for the Removal of Heavy Metal and Dye Water Pollutants

Cited by 39 publications

References 103 publications

New Applications of Zirconium Phosphate Nanomaterials

New Applications of Zirconium Phosphate Nanomaterials

Characterization and Pollution Profile of the Tanning Industry by Distance in Gandong River, Indonesia

Highly Porous Hydroxyapatite/Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Beads as an Efficient Adsorbent for Dyes and Heavy Metal Ions Removal

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