Treatment with a subcutaneous GnRH agonist containing controlled release device reversibly prevents puberty in bitches

Rubion, S.; Desmoulins, P.O.; Rivière-Godet, E.; Kinziger, M.; Salavert, F.; Rutten, Frans H.; Flochlay-Sigognault, Annie; Driancourt, Marc Antoine

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.02.015

Cited by 42 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…Long-acting GnRH agonists can be used for indications such as preventing puberty in both sexes; controlling of estrus cycle and treating post-spaying urinary incontinence [3][4][5][6] and controlling the risk of recurrence of mammary neoplasia, prevention of mammary tumour metastatic disease and the termination of pregnancy in bitches [7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Endocrine Short-Term Effects of GnRH Analogue Deslorelin in Prepubertal Bitches: Does A “Flare-up” Occur?

Kaya¹,

Aslan²,

Kaya³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryLong-acting GnRH agonists have been used both in canine estrus induction and prevention. The objective of the study was to investigate the clinical and endocrine short-term effects of a deslorelin implant (4.7 and 9.4 mg) in terms of initial "flare-up" in prepubertal bitches. Fourteen healthy, cross-breed prepubertal female dogs, aged 4 months, were used in the study. An implant containing 9.4 mg (G1, n=5) and 4.7 mg (G2, n=4) deslorelin (Suprelorin®) or a placebo (sodium chloride 0.9%, G3, n=5) was inserted subcutaneously. Estrus was monitored once daily by physical and sexual behavioral changes. Vaginal cytology, serum progesterone (P4) and estradiol 17β (E2) concentrations were monitored weekly for the first five weeks throughout the treatment. None of the bitches in the treatment (G1 and G2) and control (G3) group showed any signs of estrous throughout the study period. No local reactions were observed at the implantation site. Two bitches showed an increase in serum P4 concentrations (>1.0 ng/ml) in G1 (2/5; 40%), however, only one of these two animals (P4=6.37 ng/ml) showed an increase in serum E2 concentrations up to 37 pg/ml. No marked increase in serum P4 and E2 concentrations were observed during the first 13 weeks of treatment in G2. These data demonstrate that in prepubertal bitches, insertion of a deslorelin implant does not cause a "flare-up effect" which commonly occurs in anestrus adult bitches during the first month after implantation. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate that the "flare-up" effect of deslorelin implant in bitches especially during later prepubertal stages. Keywords: Prepubertal bitches, Suprelorin®, Flare-up effect Prepubertal Köpeklerde GnRH Analoğu Deslorelinin Kısa DönemKlinik ve Endokrinolojik Etkileri: "Flare-up" Gözlenir mi? ÖzetUzun etkili GnRH agonistleri köpeklerde hem östrusun uyarılmasında hem de baskılanmasında kullanılmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, pubertas öncesi dönemdeki dişi köpeklerde deslorelin implant (4.7 ve 9.4 mg) kullanımının "flare-up" dönemi olarak değerlendirilebilecek klinik ve endokrinolojik kısa dönem etkilerinin varlığı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla pubertas öncesi dönemde olduğu belirlenen ortalama 4 aylık yaşta on dört adet sağlıklı melez dişi kopek kullanıldı. Köpeklere deri altı yolla 9.4 mg (G1, n=5) ve 4.7 mg (G2, n=4) deslorelin (Suprelorin®) etken maddesi içeren implantlar ya da plasebo (sodyum klorür %0.9; G3; n=5) uygulandı. Östrus belirtileri günlük olarak fiziksel değişiklikler ve davranış değişiklikleri yönünden takip edildi. Ayrıca çalışma süresince vaginal sitoloji, serum progesteron (P4) ve östradiol 17β (E2) konsantrasyonları haftalık olarak izlendi. Tedavi (G1 ve G2) ve kontrol grubundaki (G3) hayvanların hiçbirinde östrus bulgusu belirlenmedi. İmplantın yerleştirildiği bölgede herhangi bir lokal yan etki gözlenmedi. Grup 1'de iki köpekte (2/5; %40) serum P4 düzeyinde bir artış gözlenirken, bu köpeklerden yalnızca birinde (P4=6,37 ng/ml) serum E2 düzeyinin 37 pg/ml'ye kadar yükseldiği belirlendi. Grup 2'de 13 haftal...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Endocrine Short-Term Effects of GnRH Analogue Deslorelin in Prepubertal Bitches: Does A “Flare-up” Occur?

Kaya¹,

Aslan²,

Kaya³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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“…For example, PZP treatment increased female condition in both feral horses and white-tailed deer in some studies (McShea et al 1997, Turner & Kirkpatrick 2002, but not in others (Walter et al 2003). Generally, females treated with GNRH show no changes in weight or condition (Miller et al 1997, D'Occhio et al 2002, Herbert et al 2005, Rubion et al 2006. Finally, both longevity and offspring survival could theoretically be influenced by contraceptive treatment because untreated females may have more successful reproduction due to reduced competition for resources.…”

Section: Does Contraception Alter Body Condition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does contraceptive treatment in wildlife result in side effects? A review of quantitative and anecdotal evidence

Gray

Cameron²

2010

Reproduction

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The efficacy of contraceptive treatments has been extensively tested, and several formulations are effective at reducing fertility in a range of species. However, these formulations should minimally impact the behavior of individuals and populations before a contraceptive is used for population manipulation, but these effects have received less attention. Potential side effects have been identified theoretically and we reviewed published studies that have investigated side effects on behavior and physiology of individuals or population-level effects, which provided mixed results. Physiological side effects were most prevalent. Most studies reported a lack of secondary effects, but were usually based on qualitative data or anecdotes. A meta-analysis on quantitative studies of side effects showed that secondary effects consistently occur across all categories and all contraceptive types. This contrasts with the qualitative studies, suggesting that anecdotal reports are insufficient to investigate secondary impacts of contraceptive treatment. We conclude that more research is needed to address fundamental questions about secondary effects of contraceptive treatment and experiments are fundamental to conclusions. In addition, researchers are missing a vital opportunity to use contraceptives as an experimental tool to test the influence of reproduction, sex and fertility on the behavior of wildlife species.Reproduction (2010) 139 45-55

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“…Sustained exposure to GnRH induces GnRH receptor downregulation, internalization and signal uncoupling that leads to the interruption of pulsatile secretion of gonadotropins, the inhibition of follicular development and consequently, the reduction of the secretion of estrogen (ROMAGNOLI, 2004). Subcutaneous administration of nafarelin (16-32 μg/day) via an implanted osmotic pump or by daily injections, delays puberty and estrus in female dogs (RUBION et al, 2004;KUTZLER;WOOD, 2006). After cessation of treatment, cycling bitches have returned to estrus between 2 and 18 weeks (RUBION et al, 2004;KUTZLER;WOOD, 2006).…”

Section: Conservative Treatment/management Of Orsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subcutaneous administration of nafarelin (16-32 μg/day) via an implanted osmotic pump or by daily injections, delays puberty and estrus in female dogs (RUBION et al, 2004;KUTZLER;WOOD, 2006). After cessation of treatment, cycling bitches have returned to estrus between 2 and 18 weeks (RUBION et al, 2004;KUTZLER;WOOD, 2006). Subcutaneous administration of deslorelin via a slow-releasing implant suppressed estrus for up to 27 months in female dogs .…”

Section: Conservative Treatment/management Of Orsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subcutaneous administration of deslorelin via a slow-releasing implant suppressed estrus for up to 27 months in female dogs . Although suitable, GnRH agonists lead to some side effects, such as the initial gonadotropin stimulatory response that leads to the induction of estrus in anestrous bitches within 1-4 weeks following initiation of the treatment (RUBION et al, 2004).…”

Section: Conservative Treatment/management Of Orsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ovarian remnant syndrome in small animals

et al. 2012

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The ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) is an iatrogenic disorder in bitches and queens, which is characterized by recurrence of estrus following surgical spay, due to the presence of a piece of ovarian tissue within the abdominal cavity. In most cases, the remnant ovary is found in the right ovarian pedicle, due to its topographic position, deeper and more cranial than the left ovary. The main clinical signs of ORS in small animals are the heat behavior and the presence of vaginal swelling/secretion, especially in canines. The diagnosis should be performed by means of vaginal cytology when attraction of males is detected, serum estrogen and progesterone levels and/or by challenging test with GnRH or hCG administration. However, vaginal citology is the most suitable and less expensive diagnostic tool. Nowadays the treatment of choice is a new laparotomy or laparoscopy, followed by removal of the remnant ovarian tissue. The surgical treatment has more chances of success if it is performed in the diestrus (i.e., between 15 and 60 days after the detection of attraction of males). Furthermore, a careful and accurate surgical procedure aided by advanced visualization techniques during ovariohysterectomy or ovariectomy is the best way to prevent ORS in companion animals. Key words: Partial ovarian spay, recurrent estrus, bitches, queens ResumoA síndrome do ovário remanescente (SOR) é um distúrbio iatrogênico em cadelas e gatas caracterizado pelo retorno do estro após contracepção cirúrgica devido à presença de fragmento de tecido ovariano na cavidade abdominal. Frequentemente, o ovário remanescente está situado no pedículo ovariano direito, sobretudo devido a sua posição topográfica mais profunda e cranial em comparação ao ovário esquerdo. Os principais sinais clínicos de SOR em pequenos animais são cio e presença de edemaciamento/secreção vulvar/vaginal, especialmente em caninos. O diagnóstico deve ser realizado por meio de citologia vaginal quando detecta-se o interesse dos machos pela cópula com a fêmea acometida, dosagem sérica de estrógeno e progesterona e/ou por meio do teste provocativo com administração de GnRH ou hCG. Contudo, citologia vaginal constitui a opção de melhor custo-benefício para o diagnóstico. Atualmente, o tratamento de escolha é cirúrgico por meio de laparotomia exploratória ou laparoscopia, seguido pela remoção do ovário remanescente. O tratamento cirúrgico tem maiores taxas de sucesso quando realizado com o animal em diestro (i.e., entre 15 e 60 dias após detectada a atração dos machos). Ademais, a

show abstract

Treatment with a subcutaneous GnRH agonist containing controlled release device reversibly prevents puberty in bitches

Cited by 42 publications

References 3 publications

Clinical and Endocrine Short-Term Effects of GnRH Analogue Deslorelin in Prepubertal Bitches: Does A “Flare-up” Occur?

Clinical and Endocrine Short-Term Effects of GnRH Analogue Deslorelin in Prepubertal Bitches: Does A “Flare-up” Occur?

Does contraceptive treatment in wildlife result in side effects? A review of quantitative and anecdotal evidence

Ovarian remnant syndrome in small animals

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