Tree Nuts and Peanuts as a Source of Natural Antioxidants in our Daily Diet

Abstract

Tree nuts and peanuts are healthy foods with a proven track record of helping to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases, most notably cardiovascular disease. At the point of consumption, all nuts contain low moisture and ≥ 50% lipid contents, but this is where similarities end. The levels of key nutrients and bioactives including vitamin C, vitamin E, L-arginine, minerals (such as selenium and zinc), and phenolics can differ markedly. Distinctions in the types and quantities of phenolic constituents for tree nut species, as well as the impact of digestion, will affect the nuts’ antioxidant potential in vivo. This work provides some insight into the different types of phenolics found in tree nuts and peanuts, the antioxidant potential of their phenolic extracts using in vitro chemical assays, the effect of thermal processing on the stability of the nuts’ endogenous phenolics, and the impact on biomarkers of human health arising from randomized clinical trials. Key biomarkers include measures in the reduction of LDL oxidation as well as increases in the levels of vitamin E and selected phenolic compounds in blood plasma postprandially from those of baseline.

Nutrição em vão

“…A vitamina C que é absorvida principalmente no osso ilío e no intestino delgado, através do sangue é levada a todos os tecidos, o que não é utilizada é eliminado na urina. Vitamina E que é armazenada no fígado, tecido adiposo, coração, músculos, testículos, útero, sangue, glândulas suprarrenais e glândula pituitária em excesso pode levar a hemorragia, bem como fraqueza muscular, fadiga, náuseas e diarreia (Amarowicz, 2020).…”

“…Devido a suas concentrações de vitamina E e ômega-3, atuam no processo de envelhecimento dos neurônios e atuando no retardo da perca de memória (Amarowicz, 2020).…”

The Molecular Basis of COVID-19 Pathogenesis, Conventional and Nanomedicine Therapy

“…Tannins are water-soluble polyphenolic compounds and are well known as health-promoting components [ 102 ] with a recommended dose of 150 mg BID. Studies have reported the anti-radical activities [ 102 ] and anti-inflammatory effects of tannins [ 103 , 104 ]. Based on the molecular mechanisms utilized by SARS-CoV-2 in its pathogenesis, COVID-19 may be considered an inflammatory disorder.…”

“…Palivizumab is a drug in this category that has been applied for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection [ 142 ]. Anti-inflammatory antibodies such as anti-IL-6 receptor (Tocilizumab) and anti-ITGA4 (Natalizumab) inhibit inflammation and cellular extravasation [ 101 , 102 ]. Another proposed strategy is the administration of recombinant soluble ACE2 receptors to scavenge the virus.…”

Mixed Tree Nut Snacks Compared to Refined Carbohydrate Snacks Resulted in Weight Loss and Increased Satiety during Both Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance: A 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The diversity in nutrient profiles among the different types of tree nuts may enhance the beneficial effect of tree nuts. Tree nuts have favorable nutrient composition contributing protein, heart-healthy fats, fiber, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals to our diet [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Tree nuts vary in their content of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, and polyphenols [ 11 ].…”