Tree-rings in Mediterranean pines – can we ascribe them to calendar years?

Balzano, Angela; Micco, Veronica De; Merela, Maks; Čufar, Katarina

doi:10.26614/les-wood.2019.v68n01a01

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…They are characterised by latewood-like cells in earlywood (E-IADF), and earlywood like cells in different portions of latewood (L-IADF) ( Figure 4). The species often have unclear growth ring bound- aries (Figure 4b) which are a consequence of uninterrupted cambial production in winter (De Luis et al, 2007De Micco et al, 2016a;Novak et al, 2016a;Balzano et al, 2018Balzano et al, , 2019a, and lack of cambial dormancy in winter (Prislan et al, 2016). The species can also contain dark rings (Figure 4b), i.e.…”

Section: Growth Ring Anomalies In Aleppo Pine Anomalije V Prirastnih mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in Mediterranean and tropical environments it is often challenging to define tree rings and the boundaries between them, as their formation is not necessarily synchronised with calendar years (Cherubini et al, 2003;De Luis et al, 2011;Balzano et al, 2018Balzano et al, , 2019a. Such growth layers typically contain numerous anomalies associated with intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) (Campelo et al, 2007;De Micco et al, 2016a) sometimes called false rings (e.g.…”

Section: Introduction Uvodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of confocal laser scanning microscopy in dendrochronology

Balzano¹,

Novak²,

Humar³

et al. 2019

les-wood

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We used the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) Olympus LEXT OLS5000 for non-destructive observation and image analysis of wood anatomy traits in growth layers of tree species from different climatic zones. In European beech (Fagus sylvatica), where tree rings can generally be recognised, we discuss the changes in tree-ring structure due to adverse effects (insect attacks). Growth layers in Mediterranean Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) from south-eastern Spain are not always annual and contain numerous intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs). Ocote pine (Pinus oocarpa) growing at high elevation in Honduras showed growth layers with clear growth ring boundaries and IADFs. In both pines, CLSM allowed us to recognise and measure tracheid parameters to define density fluctuations. In tropical true mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) from Venezuela and cedrela (Cedrela odorata) from Costa Rica, we studied the growth layers with variable dimensions of vessels demarcated by marginal axial parenchyma.

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Section: Growth Ring Anomalies In Aleppo Pine Anomalije V Prirastnih mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction Uvodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of confocal laser scanning microscopy in dendrochronology

Balzano¹,

Novak²,

Humar³

et al. 2019

les-wood

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“…V tej študiji predstavljamo možnost uporabe konfokalnega laserskega skenirnega mikroskopa Olympus LEXT OLS5000 (Olympus Corporation Tokyo 163-0914, Japonska) (Balzano et al, 2019) za identifikacijo lesa na primeru gotskega kipa svetega Jurija s Ptuja v Sloveniji (slika 1). Primerjali smo identifikacijo lesa na podlagi svetlobne mikroskopije rezin iz vzorcev, odvzetih iz kipa, nato na običajnih preparatih iz zbirke Oddelka za lesarstvo in nato še identifikacijo lesa z uporabo CLSM na vzorcih lesnih vrst, iz katerih je izdelan kip (slike 5, 8 in 10).…”

Section: Summary Povzetekunclassified

Wood identification using non-destructive confocal laser scanning microscopy

Čufar¹,

Balzano²,

Krže³

et al. 2019

les-wood

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Exact wood identification is usually based on observation of wood features under the microscope. For this, we have to take a sample of the wood from the object and cut thin slides, possibly of all three anatomical sections. Such destructive sampling is often not possible on valuable historical objects, and therefore there is a need for non-destructive approaches. The objective of the study is to present the potential of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) using an Olympus LEXT OLS5000 for the identification of wood. We present work on an example of a gothic sculpture, “St. George Defeating the Dragon”. Conventional sampling and microscopical wood identification showed that St. George is made of Norway spruce (Picea abies), and the dragon of poplar (Populus sp.) or willow (Salix sp.). We present crucial features needed for the identification of these species and the limitations with identification if the samples are too small. Finally, we demonstrate the possibility of wood identification of the abovementioned species using CLSM on wood samples without special preparation of the surfaces. CLSM enabled us to observe all the features needed for wood identification.

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“…The tree-ring growth response of Pinus pinea during winter, previously reported for Spain and Italy (De Luis et al 2009, Natalini et al 2016, may reflect the physiological activity of this species during winter (Pardos et al 2010). Balzano et al (2019) found that in Mediterranean trees, cambium often produces several bands of alternating early-and latewood during a calendar year, resulting in the formation of IADFs. Tree-ring analysis in Pinus pinea showed a IADF region enriched in δ 13 C with an increasing trend in δ 18 O, which suggests stomatal closure, and the decrease in stomatal conductance likely contributed to the increase in δ 13 C at the IADF level (De Micco et al 2007).…”

Section: Water Use By Stone Pine Forestsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The high values of δ 13 C and δ 18 O, along with the larger tracheids in the IADF region of Pinus pinea, suggest an enhancement of conductive efficiency leading to strict stomatal control with the aim of avoiding dehydration (Battipaglia et al 2013). According to Balzano et al (2019), stone pine trees on the Vesuvius Mountain (near Naples, Italy) showed uninterrupted wood production from January 2015 until the end of January 2016. The authors showed differences in cambium activity in late autumn among different years; in November 2015 and 2018, the cambium was still active and no longer active, respectively.…”

Section: Water Use By Stone Pine Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change impacts on spatial distribution, tree-ring growth, and water use of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) forests in the Mediterranean region and silvicultural practices to limit those impacts

Mechergui¹,

Altamimi²,

Jaouadi³

et al. 2021

iForest

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Biogeosciences and Forestry Biogeosciences and Forestry Climate change impacts on spatial distribution, tree-ring growth, and water use of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) forests in the Mediterranean region and silvicultural practices to limit those impacts Kaouther Mechergui (1-2) , Amal Saleh Altamimi (3) , Wahbi Jaouadi (1-2) , Souheila Naghmouchi (2) Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) has been cultivated since centuries in Mediterranean areas for its products and economic benefits, including edible pine nuts, timber, mushrooms, firewood, and grazing. However, current management objectives of stone pine stands also include recreational use, biodiversity conservation, protection from soil erosion, and CO2 fixation. Stone pine stands are considered to be among the ecosystems most vulnerable to climate change, and the current increase in drought frequency in the Mediterranean Basin has been shown to negatively impact their long-term establishment. Understanding the effects of climate change on the distribution, tree-ring growth and water use of stone pine forests can help assessing the adaptive capacity of the species, and developing management programs aimed at its conservation. This paper reviews the impacts of climate change on stone pine in the Mediterranean region. The high sensitivity of stone pine to climate change has been widely demonstrated in that: (i) climatic models predict the loss of suitable habitats and the shift of its geographical distribution in the next future; (ii) tree-ring analysis showed that winter and spring rainfalls have positive effects on growth, whereas high spring temperature has a negative effect; (iii) the strategy of stone pine to cope with water deficit affects the processes regulating its growth, including wood formation, leading to peculiar tree-ring anatomical features such as intra-annual density fluctuations. The silvicultural interventions and the most effective management strategies for stone pine forests are reviewed and discussed in the context of current climate change in the Mediterranean Basin.

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Tree-rings in Mediterranean pines – can we ascribe them to calendar years?

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Application of confocal laser scanning microscopy in dendrochronology

Application of confocal laser scanning microscopy in dendrochronology

Wood identification using non-destructive confocal laser scanning microscopy

Climate change impacts on spatial distribution, tree-ring growth, and water use of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) forests in the Mediterranean region and silvicultural practices to limit those impacts

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